| A | B |
|---|
| Alexander Graham Bell developed which invention to improve communication? | telephone |
| Which Thomas Edison invention changed American business and social life the most? | the electric light bulb |
| Where did most of the "old" immigrants--those who came before 1890--come from? | western Europe |
| Where did most "new" immigrants come from after 1890? | southern and eastern Europe |
| What was one of the effects of increased immigration to the United States in the late 1800s? | cheap labor, urbanization, ethnic neighborhoods |
| What housing structures were common in urban neighborhoods with a high population of immigrants? | dumbell tenements |
| Which act was a result of nativism? | Chinese Exclusion Act |
| Which industry was improved by the Bessemer process? | steel |
| What was the result of Edwin Drake's discovery? | oil boom |
| What industry was controlled by Andrew Carnegie? | steel |
| Which trust enabled John D. Rockefeller to control the oil industry? | Standard Oil |
| What was J.P. Morgan associated with? | banking and finance |
| What government policy reduced business regulations? | laissez-faire capitalism |
| Which methods were used by business leaders to grow the size of their companies? | horizontal and vertical integration |
| What business structure was used by John D. Rockefeller to eliminate competition in the oil industry? | trust |
| Why did business leaders create "trusts" in the late 1800s? | to eliminate competition |
| Which theory was used to justify the growing wealth of large businesses and the "captains of industry"? | Social Darwinism |
| What is associated with Andrew Carnegie's "Gospel of Wealth"? | donating funds to libraries, schools, and hospitals |
| What did workers form to fight for better working conditions in the late 1800s? | labor unions |
| Which labor union wanted radical social change? | The Knights of Labor |
| Which event resulted in the destruction of the Knights of Labor? | Haymarket riot |
| Which labor union focused on obtaining higher wages and better working conditions? | American Federation of Labor (AFL) |
| Who founded the American Federation of Labor (AFL) | Samuel Gompers |
| What tactic did the American Federation of Labor (AFL) use to obtain higher wages and better working conditions? | strikes and collective bargaining |
| What method did labor unions use to negotiate new contracts for better wages and working conditions? | collective bargaining |
| What method was used by labor unions to stop production when employers would not meet their demands? | strike |
| What tactic did business leaders use to stop strikes? | injunction |
| What did business leaders use to prevent the hiring of union members? | blacklists |
| What did business leaders use to prevent workers from joining labor union? | yellow-dog contracts |
| Which labor union leader is associated with supporting socialism? | Eugene V. Debs |
| What were the organizations that local and state political parties in the late-1800s called? | political machines |
| Which act was passed to prevent trusts from forming monopolies? | Sherman Antitrust Act |
| Which act was passed to regulate railroad freight rates? | Interstate Commerce Act |
| What was the most significant political scandal during the Gilded Age? | Credit Mobilier |
| Which individual became infamous for corruption as the boss of New York City's Tammany Hall political machine? | William M. "Boss" Tweed |
| Which act was passed to reform the civil service system? | Pendleton Act |
| What practice ended as a result of the Pendleton Act? | the "spoils system" |
| What reforms were proposed to weaken the influence of political machines? | secret ballot, initiatives, and referendums |
| What did reformer like Jane Addams establish to aid immigrants in urban areas? | settlement houses |
| Political machines grew in power by attracting the support of which group? | immigrants |
| Who was the author of How the Other Half Lives? | Jacob Riis |
| Who was the landscape architect that began the public parks movement (Central Park) during the Gilded Age? | Frederick Law Omstead |
| What 1890's strike involved the railroads and ended in violence and a court injunction? | Pullman strike |
| What strike failed for the Carnegie steelmill workers? | the Homestead Strike |
| What President's assassination lead to a reform of the spoils system? | Garfield |
| Which political party during the Gilded Age favored a higher tariff? | Republicans |
| What were Republicans called who supported Democrat Cleveland for President? | mugwumps |
| What strike in 1877 was the first to affect the entire nation and the strike was violent? | the Great Railroad Strike |
| What female union organizer lead a children's march to support passage of a child labor law? | Mother Mary Harris Jones |
| Tammany Hall was the political machine headquarters for what NYC political party? | Democrats |
| What cartoonist helped bring the boss of Tammany Hall to justice? | Thomas Nast |
