| A | B |
|---|
| Stephen Austin | led a group of more than 300 Americans into Texas |
| Wyoming Territory | first area of the United States to grant women the vote |
| vigilante | self-appointed law enforcer |
| cede | to give up something, such as land |
| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the US should control all the land from coast to coast across the continent |
| Sam Houston | led the Texans at San Jacinto to win the independence of Texas; became the first president of the Republic of Texas |
| mountain men | fur trappers and explorers of the Northwest |
| Lone Star Republic | another name for the Republic of Texas |
| siege | an attack in which one force surrounds a city or a fort |
| President James K. Polk | known as an expansionist president; negotiated treaty to divide Oregon; President during the Mexican-American War |
| Marcus and Narcissa Whitman | a missionary couple who worked among the Native Americans or Oregon |
| Brigham Young | led a party of Mormons to the valley of the Great Salt Lake in Utah |
| missionaries | the first white easterners to build permanent homes in Oregon, traveled west to bring their religious beliefs to Native Americans |
| annex | to add something such as a state |
| Jedediah Smith | mountain man who discovered the South Pass used by wagon trains crossing the Rockies to Oregon and California |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | treaty ending the Mexican-American War |
| Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | declared himself dictator of Mexico and led Mexico during the War for Texas Independence and the Mexican-American War |
| John Jacob Astor | German immigrant who sent the first fur-trading expedition to Oregon. His men found the South Pass. |
| Joseph Smith | founded the Church of Jesus Christ of Latterday Saints or Mormon Church |
| rendezvous | a French word meaning get-together, was an annual meeting of mountain men and fur traders |
| Bear Flag Rebellion | revolt, led by American settlers, in California against Mexico |
| Wiliam Becknell | the leader of the wagon train who pioneered a route that became the Santa Fe Trail |
| John C. Fremont | leader of the rebels who declared California an independent republic |
| forty-niner | person who journeyed to California in search of gold |
