| A | B |
|---|
| Euphausid - krill | main food of baleen whales |
| Mollusks include mussels, oysters | snails., clams, squid & octopi |
| Oxygen Minimum happens when respiration and decay | have reduced oxygen significantly |
| Photic Zone: ocean layer receiving | sufficient O2 to support photosynthesis |
| Seafloor spreading occurs | when tectonic plates diverge |
| Azoic Theory suggested that the | ocean bottom was sterile and stagnant |
| Fossil records show giant | sea creatures once ruled the seas |
| Benthos are organisms | that live on the sea floor |
| Cambrian Period | 510 - 570 million years ago |
| The Coelacanth was thought to be | extinct 65 million years ago |
| Cold springs on the seabed are | often rich in Methane or Hydrogen Sulfide |
| Cretaceous | 146 - 65 million years ago |
| Crustaceans include lobsters, | crabs, shrimps and copepods |
| Devonian | 409 - 363 million years ago |
| Echinoderm comes from the Greek | for spiny skin |
| Hyperthermophiles | heat loving microbes |
| Precambrian from the beginning | of Earth to 570 million years ago |
| Rusticles are stalactites of rust | produced by iron-eating bacteria |
| Seamount is a peak extending | above the seafloor |
| Sessile: permanently fixed or | sedentary on the sea bottom |
| Trilobites dominated the seas | during the Cambrian Period |
| Vampyroteuthis is also called | the vampire squid |
| The Vampire Squid lives in the | region of the Oxygen Minimum |
| The more fragile the creature | the brighter the bioluminescence |
| Ink released by a squid is | designed to be a psuedomorph |
| Bioluminescence is the production of | light by bacteria, invertebrates and fish |
| an oceanic temperature change | can result in a dramatic biological change |
| The deep could be home to | lost races of living fossils |
| scientists believe that nodules form | as metals slowly precipitate |
| Sessile | fixed to the bottom |
| Deep sea shrimp | are nearly the size of lobsters |
| The Mariana Trench is deeper | than Mt. Everest is high |
| At a mile deep pressure | prevents boiling from taking place |
| The first life on Earth probably | was composed of cells feeding off vent chemicals |
| Polylmerase: enzymes that catalyze | the formation of DNA or RNA |
| Darwin's Theory of Evolution inspired | a hunt for living fossils in the deep |
| Due to vent activity, the deep | is not uniformly cold |
| As the Azoic Theory diminished | Evolutionary Theory gained support |
| Bioluminescence may be a | defence mechanism |
| Squid ink is supposed to look | like the body of a squid |
| A long thin squid makes | long thin ink |
| A short, round squid makes | short round ink |
| A scopelarchid | has twin retinas |
| A scopelarchid has both | near and binocular type vision |
| The Giant Squid is the | world's largest known invertebrate |
| Angler Fish live in a world of | perpetual darkness |
| Anhydrite is made of | calcium sulfate |
| cold-seep communities' | microbes feed on methane |
| The deep-scattering oceanic layer | is due to upward nocturnal migration |
| The first life on Earth was likely | primitive cells that fed off of vent chemicals |
