| A | B |
|---|
| What does a law enforcement officer need to have before they can arrest a criminal suspect? | probable cause |
| What do you call the party that files charges against another party in court? | plaintiff |
| What do you call the party that is charged with a crime or wrongdoing? | defendant |
| In which part of the judicial process does the court determine if there is enough evidence to charge the suspect? | preliminary hearing |
| In the judicial process, who has the authority to indict a criminal suspect for a felony crime? | grand jury |
| What is it called when a person is ordered by the court to appear and testify as a witness? | subpoena |
| In which phase of the judicial process is the testimony and credibility of the witnesses questioned? | cross-examination |
| What is it called when two parties settle their dispute out of court? | settlement |
| Who is elected to represent the state as the plaintiff in a criminal case? | prosecutor/district attorney |
| What grants a person release from jail in exchange for their promise to attend their court date? | bail |
| What is a lighter sentence offered in exchange for a guilty plea called? | plea bargain |
| What do you call a complaint filed against a defendant in a civil case? | civil suit/lawsuit |
| What type of law is based on precedent? | common law |
| What type of law sets procedures for arresting, prosecuting, and punishing people who violate the penal code? | criminal law |
| What type of law is used to settle disputes between parties? | civil law |
| Who decides whether a suspect is guilty in a felony criminal case? | jury |
| Who enforces traffic laws on North Carolina’s public highways? | Highway Patrol (State troopers) |
| Who is responsible for law enforcement in the county? | Sheriff's Department |
| Who is responsible for law enforcement within a city? | Police Department |
| What is a conditional release that sets certain requirements on a person convicted of a crime? | probation |
| What is it called when a convicted criminal is given an early release from prison for good behavior? | parole |
| What is the primary goal of the juvenile justice system? | rehabilitation |
| What is it called when the law requires a mandatory sentence for a particular criminal conviction? | structured sentencing |
| What type of punishment is most likely for a person convicted of a felony? | incarceration (prison) |
| What types of punishments are most likely for a person convicted of a misdemeanor? | community service, fines |
| What is it called when the criminal justice system has the goal of preparing a criminal to re-enter society? | rehabilitation |
| Who is responsible for enforcing federal laws? | U.S. Department of Justice/Attorney General |
| Which government agency investigates and apprehends persons suspected of committing federal crimes? | Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) |
| Who has the burden of proof in a criminal case? | the prosecutor/district attorney |
| What burden of proof is necessary for a plaintiff to win a judgement in a civil suit? | preponderance of the evidence |
