| A | B |
|---|
| Italy | The country Rome is located in |
| Greeks | Occupied Sicily and influenced Rome’s cultural and artistic systems |
| Etruscans | Influenced the Romans the most - influenced Roman dress and military techniques |
| Republic | Where the leader is not a monarch and some citizens have the right to vote |
| 509 B.C. | Romans overthrew the last Etruscan king and established a republic |
| Patricians and Plebeians | Roman citizens were divided into these 2 groups |
| Patricians | Wealthy landowners that had the right to vote and elected into office |
| Plebeians | Less wealthy landowners that had the right to vote, but could not be elected into office |
| Consuls | Chief executive officials that are chosen every year, ran the government and led the army into battle |
| Praetors | Chief executive officials that are in charge of civil law – laws that applied to Roman citizens |
| Roman Senate | Made up of 300 patricians who were elected for life; advised government positions and eventually had force of the law |
| Centuriate Assembly | Elected chief officials and passed laws |
| Council of plebs | Created in 471 B.C. to represent the plebeians; eventually allowed to pass laws for Romans |
| Tribunes of the plebs | Had power to protect the plebeians and allow plebeians to marry patricians and become consuls |
| Twelve Table's | Rome’s first attempt at a legal system that was adopted in 450 B.C. ; this code of laws proved to be inadequate for the needs of the Roman society |
| Carthage | Fought against Rome in all 3 of the Punic Wars |
| First Punic War | Rome vs. Carthage for the control of Sicily = Romans were victorious |
| Second Punic War | Hannibal led the Carthaginians into Rome and Spain became a Roman province |
| Third Punic War | Romans destroyed Carthage which became a Roman province called Africa, and as a result the Romans became masters of the Mediterranean world |
| Hannibal | Carthaginian general that led the Carthaginian army into Rome during the Second Punic War |
| Roman Republic | Government of the Roman state |
