| A | B |
|---|
| Alcohol | a colorless liquid obtained by the fermentation of starch, sugar, and other carbohydrates. |
| Alkalies | also known as bases, compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen. |
| Alkaline | an aqueous solution having a pH greater than 7.0 on the pH scale. |
| Alum | aluminum potassium or ammonium sulfate, supplied in the form of crystals or powder. |
| Ammonia water | ammonia gas dissolved in water. |
| Anionic surfactant | sodium lauryl sulfatea nd sodium laureth sulfate. |
| Astringent lotions | remove oil accumulation on the skin. |
| Atom | the smallest particle of an element that is capable of showing properties of that element. |
| Baking soda | a safe and fast acting salon disinfectant |
| Bases | also known as alkalies, compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen. |
| Beauty soaps | intended for the more delicate tissues of the face and are more acid in pH, less drying than conventional soaps. |
| Boric acid | used for its bactericidal and fungicidal properties in baby powder, eye creams and skin fresheners. |
| Cake makeup | generally composed of kaolin, zinc, talc, titanium oxide, mineral oil and inorganic pigments. |
| Cathode | a negative electrode made up almost entirely of quarternary ammonium compounds or quats. |
| Caustic potash | prepared by electolysis of potassium chloride |
| Chemical change | one in which a new substance or substances are formed. |
| Chemistry | the science that deals with teh composition, structure, and properties of matter. |
| Cleansing cream | a cream which has teh ability to dissolve other greasy substances. |
| Cleansing lotion | serve the same purposes as cleansing creams but are of a lighter oil content. |
| Colloidal mill | a machine used to aid the grinding and cutting of emulsions. |
| Combustion | when oxygen combines with other substances so rapidly that light energy as well as heat is created. |
| Compounds | any substances made up of two or more different elements chemically joined together in definite proportions by weight. |
| Concentrated solution | contains a large quantity of the solute in proportion to the quantity of solvent. |
| Cortex | the middle or inner layer of the hair. |
| Cuticle hair | the outside horny layer is composed of transparent, overlapping. |
| Density of matter | refers to its weight divided by its volume. |
| Deodorant soaps | include a bactericide taht remains on teh body to kill the bacteria responsible for odors. |
| Depilatories | belong to the group of temporary methods for the removal of superfluous hair. |
| Dilute solution | contains a small quantity of teh solute in proportion to the quantity of the solvent. |
| Disulfide | bonds, adds strength to the keratin protein. |
| Elements | the basic unit of all matter. |
| Emulsions | formed when two or more immiscible substances are united with the aid of a binder. |
| Epilator | device which removes the hair by pulling it out of the follicle. |
| Ethyl methacrylate | an ester of ethyl alcohol and methacrylic acid. |
| Eye lotions | generally formulas of boric acid, bicarbonate of soda, zinc sulfate, glycerine, and herbs. |
| Pencils | used to modify the natural outline of the eyebrows, usually after tweezing. |
| Eyeliners | used to create a line on the eyelid close to the lashes to make the eyes appear large and the lashes fuller. |
| Formaldehyde | a colorless gas manufactured by an oxidation process of methyl alcohol. |
| Freshener lotions | similar to astringent lotions, however, designed to be gentler for dry to normal skin types. |
| Glycerine | a swet, colorless, odorless, syrupy liquied used as a skin softener. |
| Greasepaint | a mixture of fats, petrolatum, and a coloring agent and is used for theatrical purposes. |
| Hardess | refers to the ability of a substance to resist scratching. |
| Humectants | chemical compounds that absorb and hold mositure in the hair or skin. |
| Hydrogen | a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. |
| Hydrogen bonds | formed when two atoms of hydrogen are attracted to each other. |
| Hydrogen peroxide | an oxidizing chemical made up of two parts hydrogen and two parts oxygen. |
| Pure | an oily liquid compound of hydrogen and oxygen. |
| Inorganic chemistry | the branch of chemistry that deals with all substances that do not contain carbon. |
| Keratin | a protein that is the chief component of hair and nails. |
| Liquid foundations | suspensions of organic and inorganic pigments in an alcohol and water solution. |
| Creams | used to help the hands glide over the skin. |
| Matter | anything that occupies space, has physical and chemical properties, and exists as a solid, gas, or liquid. |
| Medicated lotions | prescribed by physicians for skin problems such as acne and rashes. |
| Medicated soaps | designed to treat skin problems such as rashes, pimples, and acne. |
| Medulla | the innermost layer referred to as the pith, or bone marrow of the hair. |
| Mixtures | substances made up of elements combined physically rather than chemically. |
| MOH Hardness Scale | used as a basis for comparing the hardness and softness of substances. |
| Moisturizers | a heavier, creamier formulation than instant conditioners. |
| Moisturizing creams | mixtures designed to treat dryness. |
| Molecules | two or more atoms that are joined together chemically. |
| Mucilages | thick liquids containing either natural gums or synthetic gums mixed with water. |
| Nitrogen | a colorlesss, gaseous element. |
| Nonionic surfactants | valued as surfactants for their versatility, stability, and ability to resist shrinkage. |
| Oil-in-water emulsions | made of oil droplets suspended in a water base. |
| Ointments | semi-solid mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent. |
| Organic chemistry | the branch of chemistry that deals with all substances in which carbon is present. |
| Oxidation Slow | when the rate of reaction is slow and only heat energy is given off. |
| Oxides | compounds of any element combined with oxygen. |
| Oxidizing agents | any substances that readily release oxygen. |
| Oxygen | the most abundant element. |
| Pancake makeup | generally composed of kaolin, zinc, talc, titanium oxide, and inorganic pigments such as iron oxides. |
| Pastes | sofe, moist cosmetics that have a thick consisteny. |
| Petrolatum | is a yellowish to white semi-solid greasy mass that is almost insoluble in water. |
| pH | the degree of acidity or alkalinity of any water solution. |
| Phenylenediamine | derived from coal tar, has a succession of derivatives known to penetrate the skin and believed to cause cancer. |
| Physical change | refers to a change in the form of a substance without the formation of a new substance. |
| Physical properties | characteristics such as density, specific gravity, hardness, odor, and color. |
| Polymers | substances formed by combining many small molecules, usually in a long chain-like structure. |
| Polypeptide chains | amino acids that have bonded together. |
| Powders | a uniform mixture of insoluble substances taht have been properly blended, perfumed, and/or tinted to produce a gritty free cosmetic. |
| Protein-type conditioners | applied to the scalp and hair prior to hairsetting. |
| Pure hydrogen peroxide | an oily liwuied compound of hydrogen and oxygen. |
| Quaternary ammonium compounds | a safe and fast acting salon disinfectant |
| Salts | substances formed when the hydrogen part of an acid is replaced by a metal. |
| Saturated solution | will not dissolve or take more of the solute than it already holds at a given temperature. |
| Semi-permanent haircolor | a haircolor that lasts through several shampoos. |
| Slow oxidation | when the rate of reaction is slow and only heat energy is given off. |
| Soaps | compounds formed when a mixture of fats and oils is fed into a tank of superheated water and then purified. |
| Soda ash | found naturally in ores and lake brines or seawater. |
| Sodium bicarbonate | a precipitate made by passing carbon dioxide gas through a solution of sodium carbonate. |
| Sodium carbonate | found naturally in ores and lake brines or seawater. |
| Solute | any substance that dissolves into a liquid and forms a solution. |
| Solution | a blended mixture of solid, liquid, and gaseous substances. |
| Solvent | any substances that is able to dissolve another substance. |
| Specific gravity | lightness or heaviness of a substance. |
| Sticks | soft, moist ointments in that they are a mixture of organic substances poured into amold to soldify. |
| Sulfur bonds | formed by the attration of opposite electric charges. |
| Suntan lotions | designed to protect the skin from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun. |
| Surfactant | a term meaning cleansing or "surface active agent" |
| Suspensions | mixtures of one type of matter in another type of matter. |
| Toners | pastel colors to be used after prelightening. |
| Volatile | easily evaporated. |
| Washing soda | found naturally in ores and lake brines or seawater. |
| Water-in-oil | emulsions, formed with drops of water suspended in an oil base. |
| Witch hazel | a solution of alcohol, water, and powder ground form the leaves and twigs of Hamamelis virginia. |
| Witch hazel treatments | are designed to conceal lines on aging skin. |
| Zinc oxide | a heavy white powder that is insoluble in water, used cosmetically in face powder. |
| Potassium hydroxide | prepared by electrolysis of potassium chloride. |
