| A | B |
|---|
| pH scale | number scale describing how acidic or basic a substance is |
| corrosive | material that will burn your skin |
| acids | a compound that produces a pH less than 7 in water |
| bases | a compound that produces a pH greater than 7 in water |
| neutral | pH of 7 |
| pH indicators | chemicals that change colour depending on pH |
| litmus paper | strips of paper that are blue in bases and red in acids |
| phenolphthalein | colourless solution that turns pink in base |
| caustic | solution made from highly reactive base |
| hydrogen ions | given off by acids in water |
| hydroxide ions | given off by bases in water |
| concentration | the amount of a substance in a given volume |
| salt | an ionic compound formed from the reaction of an acid and a base |
| neutralization | a reaction between and acid and base that produes a salt and water |
| oxide | a compound that includes oxygen |
| metal oxide | a compund that contains a metal combined with oxygen |
| organic | most carbon containing comounds |
| inorganic | most compounds that do not contain carbon |
| hydrocarbon | organic compound that only contains hydrogen and carbon |
| alcohol | organic compound that contains C, H and O |
| solvent | a liquid that can dissolve other substances |
| synthesis | comines two or more reactancts to create a single compound |
| decomposition | a compound is broken down into two or more compounds or elements |
| single replacement | a reaction between an element and compound where two of the elements "switch" |
| double replacment | a reaction between two compounds where two of the elements switch |
| combustion | a reaction between a hydrocarbon and oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water |
| rate of reaction | how quickly reactants change to products |
| catalyst | increases a reaction rate |
| inhibitor | slows a reaction rate |
| enzyme | a biological inhibitor |
| surface area | the amount of an area that is exposed |
| catalytic converter | a device in a vehcile that helps remove pollutants from exhaust |
| radioactivity | the release of high energy particles and rays |
| electormagnetic spectrum | shows the different tyeps of radiation |
| isotopes | atoms of a particular element with different numbers of neutrons |
| mass number | the sum of the protons and neutrons |
| radioactive decay | process by which unstable nuclei give off radiation |
| radioisotopes | isotopes that are capable of decay |
| alpha particles | a helium atom |
| beta particles | an electron |
| gamma radiation | a high enery, short wavelength |
| nuclear equation | shows the changes in nuclei of atoms during a nuclear reaction |
| fusion | joining of atoms in a nuclear reaction |
| fission | splitting of atoms in a nuclear reaction |
| radiocarbon dating | using carbon-14 to age an organic object |
| decay curve | shows the rate of radioactive |
| parent isotope | the isotope that undergoes decay |
| daughter isotope | the product of decay |
