| A | B |
|---|
| nucleotide | sub-unit of a nucleic acid, consits of a phosphate, sugar and a nitrogenous base |
| base pairing | adenine and thymine always pair up and cytosine and guanine always pair up (A-T and C-G) |
| chargraff's rule | the number of "A's" will equal the number of "T's"; the number of "G's" will equal the number of "C's" |
| nitrogenous base | the nitrogen containing bases that make up DNA's Code: A (adenine) T (thymine) G (guanine) and C (cytosine) |
| double helix | the shape of DNA; it is a double stranded and each strand is twisted around each other (like a spiral stair case) |
| Watson and Crick | the scientists that are credited with discovering the structure of DNA |
| Rosalind Franklin | very important female scientist that was studying DNA using X-Ray diffraction. . |
| Chromosome | a structure of DNA and proteins that is would up tightly. These are found inside the nucleus of a cell and contain the heridity information for the organism. |
| Chromatin | DNA and protein that is tightly packed together, when would up this forms the chromosome. |
| Histone | special proteins that the DNA is packed around, they allow the DNA to coil up very tightly. |
| Replication | making a copy of DNA |
| DNA Polymerase | enzyme responsible for adding the complimentary bases during DNA replication |
| Helicase | enzyme responsible for breaking the weak hydrogen bonds and unwinding the Double Helix so that replication can occur |
| Hydrogen Bonds | WEAK bonds that hold the bases together in the double strand |
| Rosalind Franklin | Her picture gave Watson and Crick the information they needed to finalize their model of DNA |
