| A | B |
| the Golden Age | overall name for the era from 1550 to 1650 when Spain was at its cultural height |
| War of succession | political fights from 1701 to 1714 over who was the legitimate ruler of Spain |
| Habsburg | name of austrian dynasty to which Carlos II belonged |
| Borbón | dynasty that linked Spain with France |
| Conference of Augsburg | recognized the rights of Protestants in 1555 |
| Spanish Inquisition | religious movement to expel all non-Christians from Spain in hope of unity |
| Spanish Armada | name of the famous, and almost invincible, fleet of Spanish ships |
| Treaty of Utrecht | signed in 1713 that stated that Spain and France could never again be united under one ruler |