| A | B |
|---|
| atom | smallest building block of matter that still has specific characteristics of an element |
| proton | atom component that has a positive charge |
| neutron | atom component that has no charge |
| electron | atom component that has a negative charge |
| element | a substance made up of the same kind of atoms |
| molecule | two or more atoms that are chemically combined in definite proportions |
| compound | two or more molecules of the same kind chemically combined |
| isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| atomic mass | number of protons plus number of neutrons |
| trace elements (5 of them) | Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus |
| ion | atom that has changed because of gain or loss of electrons |
| anion | atoms that gain electrons |
| cations | atoms that give electrons |
| ionic bond | bond where atoms are made stable through the transfer of electrons (NOT molecules) |
| covalent bond | bonds that are formed when atoms share electrons (ARE molecules) |
| inorganic compound | compounds without carbon except carbon dioxide |
| organic compound | compounds with carbon- Biological molecules |
| Four Main Molecules | Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, protein |
| monosaccharide | single sugar particle |
| disaccharide | two sugars hooked together |
| polysaccharide | many sugars together |
| trisaccharide | three sugars together |
| cellulose | (polysaccharide) structural function for the plant, makes it rigid- Humans consume- roughage a.k.a fiber |
| glycogen | branched chain of glucoses |
| hydrolysis | process when H20 is added to aid in the process of breaking macromolecules into monomer (single) subunits |
| Building blocks of of lipids | Glycerol+ 3 fatty acids |
