| A | B |
|---|
| Adds phosphate group to ADP | ATP synthase |
| Absorbs violet, blue, and red light | chlorophyll |
| Component colors of white light | visible spectrum |
| Series of linked biochemical reactions | biochemical pathway |
| 3 carbon molecule in Calvin cycle | PGAL |
| 5 carbon molecule in Calvin cycle | RuBP |
| Absorbs blue and green light | carotenoids |
| Does violet or red have a larger wavelength? | red |
| Cluster of pigment molecules | photosystem |
| Does oxygen produced in photosynthesis come from the breakdown of CO2 or of water? | oxygen produced in photosynthesis comes from the breakdown of water |
| What kinds of compounds can be produced from products of the Calvin Cycle? | Amino acids, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids |
| Do C4 plants use the Calvin cycle for carbon fixation? | Yes |
| What product of the light reactions is released and does not participate further in photosynthesis? | Oxygen |
| Where does the energy required from Calvin cycle originate? | ATP and NADPH that came from light reactions |
| What happens to the electrons at the end of PSI transport chain? | They combine with a proton and NADP+, which causes the latter to be reduced to NADPH |
| What fixes organic compounds into carbon atoms? | Calvin cycle |
| To produce the same amount of carbohydrate, C4 plants require less _____ than C3 plants. | water |
| The environmental factor that causes a rapid decline in the photosynthetic rate is ____. | temperature |
| Light reactions occur in what part of the chloroplast? | thylakoid membrane |
| The Calvin cycle occurs in what part of the chloroplast? | stroma |
| How do accessory pigments differ from chlorophyll a? | not directly involved in photosynthesis |
| even, thick-walled rigid cells | schlerenchyma |
| meristem between xylem and phloem | Vascular cambium |
| Do all plants have vascular cambium? | No, only woody |
| root branching off primary root | lateral root |
| irregular thick walled cells | collenchyma |
| root system with enlarged primary root | taproot |
| meristem found only in monocots | intercalary meristem |
| root system with many branching roots | fibrous root |
| thin-walled cells that can be cube shaped or elongated | parenchyma |
| In monocots and dicots, primary growth occurs in what type of meristem? | Apical |
| True or false: in monocots and dicots, primary growth occurs in apical meristem. | True |
| Primary growth results in _____ plant structures | lengthening |
| Secondary groth results in _____ plant structures | widening |
| What do macronutrients and micronutrients have in common? | both required for plant growth |
| What part of the dicot is essential for secondary growth that monocots do not possess? | Lateral meristem, e.g. vascular cambium |
| tissue with the function of absorption, gas exchange, protection | dermal |
| tissue with the function of support, storage, photosynthesis | ground |
| tissue with the function of support and transport | vascular |
| function of the epidermis | protection, absorption |
| function of the cortex | storage |
| function of the vascular cylinder | transport |
| What type of plant cell functions in metabolic activities such a photosynthesis, storage and healing? | parenchyma |
| What is the function of the endodermis in roots? | regulates movement of material into vascular cylinder |
| Which of the following can be found in stems not roots: apical meristem, vascular tissue, nodes, secondary growth | nodes |
| Are nodes found in stems and/or roots? | stems not roots |
| node | where leaf attaches to stem |
| internode | between two consecutive nodes |
| Annual rings (secondary growth) in woody plants form as a result of _____ _____ | secondary xylem |
| Do lateral roots form inside the pericycle of root or on the surface of the root? | inside pericycle |
| Do lateral stems form from inside the stem or from buds on the surface of the stem? | buds on the surface of the stem |
| What is the leaf adaptation of the tubular leaves? | trap insects |
| leaf adaptation of spines | protection |
| What is the purpose of dense coating hair? | Like sunscreen, reduces light absorption |
| Water is transported from roots to leaves of a plant by the process of _____. | transpiration |
| male gametophyte | pollen grain |
| female gametophyte | embryo sac |
| part of plant that includes: stigma, style, ovary | pistil/carpel |
| producing only one type of spore | homospory |
| legumes, grains, nuts and achenes | dry, simple fruit |
| part of plant with anther and filament | stamen |
| produced two types of spores | sporophyte |
| berries, pomes, drupes and pepos | fleshy, simple fruit |
| Is the sporophyte of mosses photosynthetic or not photosynthetic? | not photosynthetic |
| Are mosses homosporous or heterosporous? | homosporous |
| True or false: mosses are heterosporous | false, homosporous |
| Are conifers homosporous or heterosporous? | heterosporous |
| True or false: conifers are heterosporous | true |
| Which pollen tube grows faster the angiosperm or the gymnosperm? | angiosperm |
| Does double fertilization occurs in all seed plants or only in angiosperm or only in gymnosperms? | only in angiosperms |
| Which cotyledon remains below the surface at fertilization - monocots (straight shoots) or dicots (hook shoots)? | monocots |
| A dominant gametophyte, homospory, archegonia and antheridia, eggs and flagellated sperm and zygotes developing in the archegonium characterize the life cycle of what group of plants? | mosses |
| Which of the following is a characteristic of conifers, but not mosses or ferns: a dominant sporophyte, antheridia and archegonia, homospory, nonmotile sperm cells? | nonmotile sperm cells |
| In a fern are archegonia and antheridia are produced on the same gametophyte? | yes (most ferns) |
| In a fern which produce egg cells: antheridia or archegonia? | archegonia |
| Do ferns have motile or non-motile sperm? | motile |
| What produces microspores that develop into pollen grains? | microsporangia |
| What produces megaspores that develop into embryo sacs? | megasporangia |
| What protects the other parts of a developing flower? | sepals |
| During fertilization in flowering plants one sperm cell fuses with an egg cell to form a zygote and a second sperm cell fuses into two polar nuclei to form _____. | endosperm |
| Large, showy flowers tend to be _______ _____. | animal pollinated |
| small, inconspicuous flowers tend to be ____ _____ | wind pollinated |
| In monocot seeds, food is stored in the ______. | endosperm |
| In dicot seeds, food is stored in the _____. | cotyledon |
| Give an example of an aggregate fruit formed from several pistils of a single flower. | raspberries, strawberries, blackberries |
| Adaptations that aid fruit and seed dispersal include… | light seeds than can be easily transported by wind (e.g. windmills); coconuts (transported by water); dandelions; burrs; fruit; forcibly discharged seeds |
| Flowerin plants are also called _______. | angiosperms |
