| A | B |
|---|
| cortex | outer region of kidney |
| medulla | middle region of kidney |
| pelvis | innermost region of kidney |
| ureter | connects kidney to bladder |
| urethra | leads urine from the bladder to the outside of the body |
| renal artery | supplies oxygenated blood to the kidney |
| renal vein | takes deoxygenated blood away from the kidney |
| nephron | functional unit of the kidney |
| glomerulus | knot of capillaries for filtering |
| Bowman's capsule | surrounds the glomerulus |
| loop of Henle | connects the proximal and distal convoluted tubules |
| afferent arteriole | leads blood into the glomerulus |
| efferent arteriole | leads blood away from the glomerulus |
| major components of urine | water, salts, urea |
| function of ADH | water-conserving hormone |
| controlled by ADH | facultative reabsorption of water |
| glomerular filtration | forces both "good" and "bad" substances out of the glomerulus |
| tubular reabsorption | absorbs "valuables" back into the bloodstream |
| peritubular capillaries | blood vessels surrounding the renal tubule |
| micturition | voiding, urination |
| hemodialysis | cleansing of blood across an artificial membrane |
| peritoneal dialysis | uses serous membrane in abdomen to cleanse the blood |
| albuminuria | protein molecules in the urine |
| glycosuria | glucose in the urine |
| diabetes insipidus | producing large amounts of dilute urine |
