| A | B |
|---|
| federal courts exclusive jurisdiction | ambassadors, patents/copyrights, federal crimes |
| Supreme Court jurisdiction types | original and appellate |
| Who appoints federal judges? | president |
| How long are most federal judges' terms? | life |
| only court created in the Constitution | Supreme |
| Chief Justice | Roberts |
| newest member of Supreme Court | Kagan |
| 1st woman on Supreme Court | O'Connor |
| 1st African American on Supreme Court | Thurgood Marshall |
| most influential justice on Supreme Court | John Marshall |
| importance of Griswold v CT | right to privacy |
| slander and libel | defamatory speech |
| bad tendency | speech that prompts others to commit a crime |
| seditious speech | prompting government overthrow |
| symbolic speech | uses actions, signs, or gestures |
| commercial speech | advertising is an example |
| 2 types of due process | substantive & procedural |
| rule of four | 4 of 9 justices must agree to take your case |
| 1st step in Supreme Court decision making | briefs |
| 2nd step in Supreme Court decision making | oral arguments |
| 3rd step in Supreme Court decision making | conference |
| 4th step in Supreme Court decision making | opinions |
| unanimous opinion | all justices agree |
| majority opinion | reasoning of the Court |
| dissenting opinion | reasoning of the losing side |
| concurring opinion | justices that agree with the majority, for a different reason |
| US Court of Federal Claims | court to sue federal government |
| Free Exercise Clause | you can practice any religion, or no religion |
| Establishment Clause | Congress cannot make a national religion |
| separation of church and state came from his words | Jefferson |
| Lemon Test | money must be for a secular purpose, no entanglement, can't enhance or inhibit religion |
| 1st Amendment freedoms | speech, religion, press, assembly, petition |
| 2nd Amendment | right to bear arms |
| 3rd Amendment | quartering of troops |
| 4th Amendment | searches and seizures |
| 5th Amendment | double jeopardy & searches and seizures |
| exclusionary rule | illegally obtained evidence cannot be used against you in court |
| ex post facto law | law made after the fact |
| grand jury | determines whether or not to indict someone |
| petit jury | renders a verdict |
| Miranda Rights | remain silent, attorney, end questioning |
| Plessy v Ferguson | started separate but equal |
| Brown v Board of Education | ended separate but equal |
| denaturalization | loss of citizenship through fraud in the naturalization process |
| expatriation | giving up citizenship by gaining it elsewhere |
| felony | major crim |
| alien | person living in a country without citizenship |
| illegal alien | alien without permission |
| resident alien | living in US permanently |
| nonresident alien | living in US temporarily |
| enemy alien | alietn that is a citizen of a nation the US is at war with |
