| A | B |
|---|
| Astrolabe | Navigation device originally developed by the Greeks and later perfected by Muslims, it told measured degrees away from the equator |
| Caravel | a sturdier ship used for navigation |
| Cartographer | someone who makes maps |
| circumnavigate | to sail around the Earth |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | Portuguese noble who established a school for navigation |
| Vasco de Gama | Portuguese explorer who reached Spice Islands by a sea route |
| Ferdinand Magellan | Sailing for Spain, he was the first to circumnavigate the globe |
| Hernando Cortes | Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztecs |
| Christopher Columbus | sailed for Spain and is credited with the European discovery of the New World |
| Conquistador | term give to the Spanish conquerers of the Americas |
| Amerigo Vespucci | first European explorer to realize that the "new world" was in fact separate from Asia |
| Jacques Cartier | French explorer who discovered the St. Lawrence River |
| Ferdinand and Isabella | Spanish monarchs who sponsored Christopher Columbus' voyage to the New World |
| Francisco Pizarro | Conquistador who conquered the Inca in Peru |
| Privateer | a legal pirate who would steal the cargo of spanish ships |
| Middle Passage | the long difficult journey of slaves from Africa to the Americas |
| Leif Erikson | viking explorer who was the first European to explore N. America |
| Line of Demarcation (treaty of Tordesillas) | divided the undiscovered world between Portugl and Spain |
| Francis Drake | English explorer who circumnavigated the globe |
| Columbian exchange | exchange of products and technologies from one hemisphere to another that resulted from the discovery of the new world |
| Triangular trade route | three step trade route between Europe, W. Africa, and the Americas |
| Colony | overseas land established to help its parent/mother country |
| Mestizo | someone of a mixture of Native and European blood |
| smallpox | deadly disease that devastated the native population in the Americas |
