| A | B |
|---|
| What is totalitarianism? | political system where gov't controls all aspects of lives of citizens |
| Fascism is.... | where gov't seen more important than citizens (militaristic- strong ldr) |
| Appeasement is... | policy to avoid war by giving into demands of another nation |
| Who are main Axis powers? | Germany, Italy, Japan |
| Who are main Allied powers? | US, Grt Britian, France, Canada, Soviet Union |
| What were Germany's motivations for war? | upset about Treaty of Versailles, wanted land and power, wanted an empire |
| Italy's motivation? | wanted Italian empire |
| Japan's motivations? | wanted an empire in E. Asia and control its resources |
| What are US's reasons for isolationism? | rebuild after Grt depression, focus on domestic (US) issues, stay out of Europe |
| More US reasons for isolationism... | Military spending low priority, hoped Hitler could be talked out of war |
| What did the US do? | put economic pressure on Japan, created Neutrality Acts |
| What were the Neutrality Acts? | US would not sell weapons or loan money to countries at war |
| Why did US finally enter the war? | bombing of Pearl Harbor, US felt deceived by Japan (they were talking to Japan at time) |
| What is "cash and carry" legislation? | allowed Grt. Britian and France to buy weapons w/cash |
| What is "lend lease" policy? | US lended / leased military equipment to Allies who were important to our interests and vital to our defense |
| What was the chain of events that occured when we did enter? | Congress decalred war on Japan, Germany declared war on US, Congress declared war on Germany |
| What did US do to prepare for war? | increased production in agriculture and war materials, War Production Board oversaw factory changes |
| Selective Training and Service Act is.... | peace time draft into the military |
| What else did we do? | poeple bought war bonds (raised money for war); rationed goods (food, tires, metal) |
| Describe contributions of women: | 6 mill worked in factories; non-combat roles in military, test pilots |
| What does "Rosie the Riveter" stand for? | The role of women during wartime (factory jobs - riveter is a tool used) |
| Describe roles of Mexican Americans: | served in military, worked in factories and on farms |
| Describe roles of African Americans: | served in military (separate units from whites), worked in factories, military pilots |
| Who were Tuskegee Airmen? | African American fighter pilots |
| Were Af. Americans discriminated against? | yes; less pay, fewer jobs, segregated units |
| What is Executive Order 9066? | Order by President to establish Japanese Internment Camps |
| Describe the internment camps: | 10 camps, held for over 900 days, regardless of age, gender, citizenship; lost everything |
| Were the camps constitutional? | Supreme Ct. said yes, 3 times. |
| What kind of reparations (payment later) were made? | $20,000 to those still alive and formal apology |
| What are Allies strategies for war in N. Africa? | fight with British to control N. Africa, led by Dwight Eisenhower |
| Allies strategies for war in Europe? | invade Italy, build up troops in Grt. Britian for invasion of France |
| Other strategis in Europe: | fight through France toward Germany while Soviets battled Germans to east |
| Allies strategies in the Pacific: | stop Japans advance, control skies and waters in the Pacific, Island hopping |
| What is island hopping? | invade strategic islands; use islands to allow planes to land and refuel; successful but costly |
| Evaluate the use of the Atomic Bomb: | bombs dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki, Japan; killed 200,000 |
| Why else should US use the atomic bomb: | wanted to develop it before Germany; use despite success of bombing raids and naval blockade, and Soviets willing to join war |
| Historical perspective of using the bomb: | It saved US soldiers from invading mainland Japan, high percent of Americans agreed w/decision, showed Soviets our power, some believed it was morally wrong |
| What are the goals of the Yalta Conference? | support democracy in Europe, support creation of internat'l peace keeping organization |
| What was the United Nations? | International peace organization created to resolve conflicts |
| Describe the goals of Potsdam Conference: | decided what to do w/Japan, divided Berlin into 4 zones |
| What else did the UN do after the war? | created nation of Israel; tries to prevent war; provides disaster relief |
| Who controlled the 4 zones in Berlin: | Britian, France, US, Soviet Union |
| What were the Nuremberg Trials? | International military trials where Nazi leaders were tried for war crimes; took place in Japan |
| Be able to describe the escaulation of Holocaust in Germany: | remember the ladder of prejudice |
| Holocaust as related to speech: | propaganda, blame, children's stories |
| Holocaust as related to aviodance: | Boycott Day, Star of David, scapegoats used to establish blame |
| Holocaust as related to discrimination: | Nuremberg Laws |
| Holocaust as related to attack: | Kristallnacht, ghettos, concentration camps, medical experiments |
| Holocaust as related to extermination: | death camps, mass graves, the "final solution" |
| What is the "final solution"? | Hitlers answer to rid world of Jews and other subpopulations through genocide |
| What is Kristallnacht mean? | The night of November 9, 1938 when the Nazis coordinated an attack on Jewish people and their property in Germany and German-controlled lands. |
| What are the Nuremberg Laws? | Nazi laws against the Jews, stripped them of German citizenship and prohibited marriage to Germans / not allowed to work |
| What is genocide? | the extermination of an entire group of people |
