| A | B |
|---|
| Porifera | Pore Bearing - Sponge |
| Cnidarian | Stinging Cells - JellyFish |
| Annelida | Segmented worm - earthworm |
| Mollusk | Soft bodied; may posses a hard, calcified shell; snail, octopus, clam |
| Arthropod | Jointed appendages; hard outer exoskeleton made of chitin; spiders, insects, crab, lobster, millipedes, centipedes |
| Echinoderms | Spiny skinned - Starfish |
| Radial Symmetry | body parts extend from center of body |
| Bilateral Symmetry | Left and Right sides |
| Asymmetrical | No defined shapeq |
| Germ Layers | Layers of the embryo |
| Ectoderm | outer layer of cells |
| Mesoderm | middle layer of cells |
| Endoderm | Inner layer of cells |
| Terrestrial | Land |
| Aquatic | Water |
| Extracellular Digestion | digestion occurs outside the cells; broken down by specific organs |
| Intracellular Digestion | food is broken down within cells |
| Archaeocytes | special cells in Porifera for intracellular digestion |
| Ganglia | Cluster of nerve cells |
| Cephalization | Having a head area; sense organs are located in head area as are nerve cells - ganglia |
| Blastula | Hollow ball of cells formed when zygote undergoes divisions |
| Blastopore | Opening of the blastula |
| Zygote | Fertilized egg |
| One way digestive system | Organism has two openings - mouth and anus;nutrients travel in one direction |
| Two way digestive system | One opening serves as an entrance and exit |
| Invertebrate | Animal without a backbone |
| T or F? If an invertebrate is bilateral, it is cephalicized. | True |
| T or F? If an animal digest food extracellularly, it has digestive organs. | True |
| T or F. The most important feature to form is multicellularity | True |
| T or F. The next most important feature to evolve are tissues | True |
| T or F. The Cambrian period NOT era gave rise to the invertebrates. It is also called the Cambrian explosion | True |
| Trace Fossils | Tracks or furrows made by soft bodied animals |
| Burgess Shale | In Canada; it is the best site of Cambrian Period invertebrates |
| Differentiation | Specialized cells and tissues and organs |
| Coelom | Fluid filled body cavity lined with mesoderm |
| Acoelomate | Animals lacking a coelom |
| Pseudocoelom | body cavity is lined PARTIALLY with mesoderm tissue |
| True Coelom | Body cavity is entirely covered with mesoderm tissue |
| Chitin | Polysaccharide; makes up the external skeleton of arthopods |
| Exoskeleton | Hard OUTER covering |
| Endoskeleton | Skeleton is inside organism |
| Mantle | Thin layer of tissue - covers most of the mollusks body |
| Gills | Organs found in aquatic animals; used for the exchange of gases with the water |
| Book lungs | organs that have layers of respiratory tissue; used by some arthropods for the exchange of gases |
| ARachnids | Class of spiders |
| Crustaceans | Class of crabs and lobsters |
| Tracheal tubes/ | Air filled tubes within insects |
| Open Circulatory System | Blood is only partially contained in vessels; blood is pumped into a system of sinuses |
| Closed Circulatory System | blood stays within blood vessels |
| Excretion | Elimination of liquid or metabolic wastes |
| Hydrostatic skeleton | muscles surround a fluid filled body cavity that supports the muscles; earthworms and some cnidarians |
| External fertilization | Eggs of the female are fertilized outside the body |
| Internal Fertilization | Eggs are fertilized within the body |
| Protosome | This means that the blastopore forms the mouth |
| Deuterosome | Blastopore forms the anus; Echinoderms are the only invertebrate that is a deuterosome |
| Hermaphrodites | Animals that possess both male and female sex organs |
| T or F. Muscles are specialized tissues used to move , breathe and pump blood | True |
| T or F. Respiratory surfaces must be moist | True |
| T or F. Sponges do NOT have a form of body symmetry | True |
| T or F. Jelly fish (Cnidarian) do NOT have a mesoderm | True |
| The simplest nervous system is called what? | Ganglia |
| T or F. Sponges rely primarily on intracellular digestion | True |
| T or F. In a closed circulatory system the blood stays in the blood vessels | True |
| T or F. The loss of a true coelom did NOT occur during invertebrate evolution | True |
