| A | B |
|---|
| trait | a variation of a particular character |
| genetics | the study of heredity |
| cross-fertilization | process by which sperm from one flower's pollen fertilzes the eggs in a flower of a different plant |
| hybrid | the offspring of two different breeding varieties |
| monohybrid cross | a pairing in which the parent plants differ in only one character |
| alleles | alternative forms of genes |
| homozygous | having identical alleles for a gene |
| heterosygous | having alleles for a gene |
| dominant | descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that appears to be the only one affect a trait |
| recessive | desriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that does not appear to affect the trait |
| Punnett Square | diagram showing the probabilites of the possible outcomes of a genetic cross |
| phenotype | an observable trait |
| genotype | the genetic makeup or combination of alleles |
| testcross | mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype with a homozygous recessive individual |
| dihybrid cross | crossing organisms differing in two characters |
| intermediate inheritance | the pattern of inheritance for example, a particular breed of chicken called Andalusians, Black and white parents produce F1 hybrid offspring, called "blues" with greyish blue feathers |
| codominance | meaning that a heterozygote expresses both traits |
| polygenic inheritance | when two or more genes affect a single character |
| chromosome theory of inheritance | genes are located on chromosomes and the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization accounts for inheritance patterns |
| gene locus | the alleles of a gene reside at the same location |
| genetic linkage | the tendency for the alleles on one chromosome to be inherited together |
| sex linked gene | any gene that is located on a sex chromosome |
