| A | B |
|---|
| 1 | albedo for white (remember an albino has a very high albedo). The highest is one because it is a ratio of the reflected power divided by incident. |
| 0 | albedo for black (remember an albino has a very high albedo). The highest is one because it is a ratio of the reflected power divided by incident. |
| 23.5 | tilt of the earth |
| 70 | Power of 70. Take 70 and divide by the percent growth and you will get the doubling time. |
| 317,000,000 | US population |
| 7,100,000,000 | world population |
| 4.54 billion | age of the earth |
| 60,000 | how long ago man evolved. |
| 10% | 10 percent rule for the transfer of energy from one trophic level to the next (100 kg of grain, 10 kg of cow eating the grain, 1 kg of person eating the cow) |
| 1360 watts per meter squared | The annual average radiative solar flux at the top of the Earth's atmosphere (=1360 W/m^2) is sometimes referred to as the Solar Constant because it has changed by no more than a few percent over the recent history of the Earth (last few hundred years) |
| 0.3 | earth's approximate albedo |
| 33% | efficiency of power plant conversion to electricity |
| 78% | diatomic nitrogen atmospheric composition of air |
| 20% | diatomic oxygen atmospheric composition |
| 0.01%-4% | water vapor atmospheric composition |
| 0.04% | carbon dioxide |
| population growth | =(birth-death)+(immigration-emigration) |
| example: population of 10,000 has 100 births (10 per 1000), 50 deaths (5 per 1000), 10 immigration (1 per 1000), 100 emigration (10 per 1000) | B D I E r=( 10/1000) – (5/1000) + (1/1000) – (10/1000) r=(0.01-0.005) + (0.001 – 0.01) r = 0.005 – 0.009 = -0.004 or –0.4% per year |
| 2.1 | fertility rate for developed countries |
| 2.5 | fertility rate for developing countries |
| 2 | replacement fertility level |
| total fertility | average # of children born per women |
