| A | B |
|---|
| Sub-Saharan Africa | land/nations located SOUTH of the Sahara - "African" in culture |
| Kingdom of Mail | 1300 AD - capital Timbuktu - ruler Mansa Musa - trade - Islam - learning |
| Ibn Battuta | Arab traveler in WEST Africa 1400s |
| Mansa Musa | ruled Mali Empire 1300 - crossed Sahara with 1000 camels carrying gold |
| Songhai Empire | 1500 AD - replaced Mali Empire - trade with Europe & Asia |
| Benin | African forest kingdom - impressive art [wood & metal] works |
| Zimbabwe | south African kingdom - trade with India |
| Axum | Christian kingdom in Ethiopia |
| Mongols | Asian warriors on horseback 1200s |
| Ghengis Khan [Chinggis Khan] | leader of Mongols 1200 AD - attacked China - tolerant of religion |
| Mongol Empire | by 1400 it covered most of Asia [Russia to China] |
| Kublai Khan | Mongol ruler of China |
| Marco Polo | European traveler/trader |
| Ivan the Great | 1st Russian Tsar - got rid of Mongols from Russia |
| Tsar | name for a Russian ruler [=king] |
| Ivan the Terrible | expanded Russia to Siberia - went mad after wife's death |
| boyars | Russian upper class |
| St. Basel's Cathedral | famous Russian Orthodox Church in Moscow/Red Square |
| Tamerlane | Mongol ruler of India - BRUTAL - destroyed India |
| feudalism | political system - land for protection |
| Shogun | Japanese military ruler/dictator [under Feudalism] |
| daimyo | Japanese lord/wealthy landowner [feudalism] |
| bushido | Japanese military "Code of Honor" |
| samurai | Japanese warriors [knights] |
| Black Death | 1300s - it killed 25 million people in Europe |
| Renaissance | "rebirth" of culture 1400s & 1500s |
| secularism | separation of church from government |
| humanism | part of Renaissance - each person has value [self-worth] |
| Leonardo da Vinci | Renaissance painter - "The Last Supper" & "Mona Lisa" |
| Michelangelo | Renaissance painter - "Sistine Chapel" |
| Machiavelli | he wrote "The Prince" - ruler does anything to STAY IN POWER |
| Copernicus | said "planets revolved around sun" - went against Catholic Church teaching |
| Galileo | used telescope to prove planets revolve around Sun - imprisoned by Catholic Church |
| Johann Gutenberg | invented printing press - led to mass production of books |
| Protestant Reformation | 1500 - started by Martin Luther - split Christianity |
| Martin Luther | started Protestant Reformation - criticized Catholic Church |
| 95 Theses | Martin Luther wrote - criticized Catholic Church |
| indulgence | giving money to get rid of your sins |
| John Calvin | part of Reformation - everything done on earth already predicted/predestination |
| theocracy | when religion runs the govt. |
| Catholic Counter Reformation | Catholic Church's response to Martin Luther - Spanish Inquisition - books banned |
| Spanish Inquisition | Catholic Church persecution of anyone NOT Catholic |
| Jesuits | a Catholic religious order started by St. Igantius of Loyola - strict educators |
| St. Ignatius of Loyola | a Jesuit priest - spread Christianity to Japan |
| the Index | a list of banned books by Catholic Church - reaction to Reformation |
| Council of Trent | meeting by Catholic Church due to Reformation - indulgence sale halted |
| artisan | a craftsman - carpenter, wheel maker, pot maker |
| merchant | someone who buys and sells goods/trader |
| William Shakespeare | an English Renaissance writer - "Hamlet", "Merchant of Venice" |
| scientific method | developed by Galileo - [observation + experience = learning |
| Henry VIII | took advantage of Reformation to start own [Anglican] Church - went through 6 wives |
| Bubonic Plague | another term for "Black Death" |
| Timbuktu | center of Mali Empire [a city in western part of Sahara] |
| Seljuk Turks | came from Asia - conquered Bynzantine Empire [Constantinople] |
| excommunicate | when the Church kicks you out |
