| A | B |
|---|
| author’s viewpoint | refers to his or her bias or subjectivity toward the subject |
| Synthesis | involves higher-order thinking and is a result of forming either a concrete or abstract whole from the logical relation of parts |
| In writing, the writer | implies |
| In writing the reader | infers |
| To ccritique text | requires that a critical (but not necessarily negative) judgment be made. |
| composing | the structuring and elaborating a writer does to construct an effective message for readers |
| written expression | those features that show the writer purposefully shaping and controlling language to affect readers |
| usage/mechanics | the features that cause written language to be acceptable and effective for standard discourse |
| Elaboration | can occur by using descriptive details and examples horizontally within a sentence to give detail and depth to an idea, or vertically from paragraph to paragraph chronologically. |
| narrative | writing to tell a story |
| persuasive | writing to influence the reader or listener to believe or do as the author or speaker suggests |
| expository | writing to explain and build a body of well-organized and understandable information |
| informational | writing to put forth information, frequently used in textbooks and the news media |
| Voice | shows an author’s personality, awareness of audience, and passion for his or her subject. It adds liveliness and energy to writing and allows the reader to know the writer’s ideas. Voice is the imprint of the writer — the capacity to elicit a response from the reader. |
| Tone | expresses an author’s attitude toward the subject. |
