| A | B |
|---|
| thermal energy | the energy of motion in the molecules of a substance |
| temperature | the average amount of energy of motion in the molecules of substasnce |
| heat | the energy transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one |
| radiation | the direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves |
| conduction | the direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching |
| convection | the transfer of heat by the movement of fluid |
| thermometer | an instrument used to measure temperature |
| wind | the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure |
| anemometer | an instrument used to measure wind speed |
| wind-chill factor | increased cooling caused by the wind |
| local winds | winds that blow over short distances |
| sea breeze | the flow of air from an ocean or lake to the land |
| land breeze | the flow of air from land to a body of water |
| monsoons | sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasons |
| global winds | winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances |
| Coriolis Effect | the way Earth's rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere curve to the left |
| doldrums | regions near the equator with little or no wind |
| horse latitudes | latitudes 30 degrees north and south of the equator |
| trade winds | steady easterly winds that sailors relied on |
| latitude | the distance from the equator; measured in degrees |
| prevailing westerlies | winds that blow from west to the east |
| polar easterlies | winds produced as the Coriolis Effect shifts polar winds to the west |
| jet stream | bands of high-speed winds about 10 kilometers above Earth's surface |
