| A | B |
|---|
| medium | material through which a wave travels |
| mechanical waves | waves that require a medium through which to travel |
| vibration | a repeated back-and-forth or up-and-down motion |
| transverse waves | waves that move the medium in a direction perpendicular, or at right angles, to the direction in which the waves are traveling |
| troughs | lowest parts of the wave |
| crests | highest parts of the wave |
| longitudinal waves | move the particles of the medium paraller to the direction that the waves are traveling |
| compressions | the parts where the coils are close together |
| rarefactions | the parts where the coils are spread out, or rarefied |
| surfae waves | waves that are combinations of transverse and longitudial waves |
| amplitude | the maximum distance the medium carrying the wave moves away from its rest position |
| wavelength | the distance between two troughs or two crests of a transverse wave |
| frequency of a wave | the number of complete waves that pass aiven point in a certain amount of time |
| hertz (Hz) | the measuring unit for frequency |
| speed | wavelength X frequency |
| angle of incidence | the angle between the incoming wave and the perpindicular line |
| angle of reflection | the angle between the reflected wave and the perpendicular line |
| refraction | the bending of waves because of a change in speed |
| diffraction | the bending of waves arounf thye edge of a barrier |
| inferference | when two or more waves meet, they have an effect on each other, called... |
| constructive inference | when two waves combine to make a wave with a large amplitude |
| distructive interference | when the amplitude of two waves combine with each other and produce a smaller or zero amplitude |
| standing wave | a wave that appears to stand in one place |
| nodes | at certain points, destructive interference causes the amplitudes of the two waves to combine to produce an amplitude of zero |
| antinotes | the crests and troughs of a standing wave |
| resonance | when vibrations traveling through an object match the object's natural frequency |
