| A | B |
|---|
| Federal Home Loan Bank Act | Hoover's program to provide money for low-interest mortgages |
| Black Tuesday | October 29, 1929; the day the stock market collapsed |
| Hundred Days | special session of Congress called at the beginning of Roosevelt's first term, during which many of the early New Deal programs were passed |
| Agricultural Marketing Act | unsuccessful attempt by the Hoover adm. to help farmers by having the Federal Farm Bd. buy surplus wheat, cotton and other farm products |
| Share Our Wealth | plan proposed by Sen. Huey Long to guarantee US families a minimum income |
| bear market | continuing drop in the stock prices |
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation | loaned money to businesses and banks to help keep them operating |
| bull market | continuing rise in stock market prices |
| American Liberty League | business leaders who criticized the New Deal because they thought it discouraged free enterprise and was the beginning of socialism |
| Works Progress Adm. | New Deal program that employed more than 8.5 million Americans from 1935-1943 |
| speculation | investing money in a high risk situation such as buying on the margin in hopes of making a profit |
| business cycle | the pattern of alternating prosperity and recession in a free enterprise economy |
| Hoovervilles | some people who lost their homes during the Depression built clusters of shacks to live in |
| relief | Hoover opposed federal programs providing direct relief because he thought they destroyed AMericans' self-reliance |
| public works | Hoover increased spending to create jobs |
| Bonus Army | wanted meediate payment of moeny authorized by Congress for WWI veterans |
| Brain Trust | experts advising Roosevelt on policy |
| fireside chats | Roosevelt used these to speak directly to the American public |
| Social Security Act | one of the most far reachign and longest lasting pieces of legislation of the Second New Deal to include a pension plan |
| welfare state | a system of government institutions that provides for basic needs of citizens, such as health care and unemployment benefits |
| deficit spending | when the gov. spends more money than it take s in |
| National Labor Relations Act | passed by Congress to strengthen and restore worker's rights |
| Congress of Industrial Organizations | group of industrial unions that welcomed African Americans, immigrants, unskilled workers and women as members |
| Indian Reorganization Act | allowed some lands to return to tribal ownership |
| Mein Kampf | Adolf Hitler's book blaming intellectuals, Communists and Jews for Germany's defeat in WWI and outlining his plan to return Germany to world power |
| Kristallnacht | anti Jewish riots by Nazis in which more than 90 Jews were killed on a single night |
| Fair Labor Standards Act | set minimum wage maximum work week, and banned emplyment of kids under 16 years of age |
| Southern Tenant Farmers Union | brought attention to problems of sharecroppers and other farm workers |
| Good Neighbor Policy | Roosevelt's policy of economic aid and nonintervention in Latin America |
| Axis Powers | military alliance formed by Germany and Italy in October 1936 |
| Neutrality Acts | passed by Congress to keep the US out of international incidents |
| Sit down strike | Flint, Michigan--dramatic increase in membership for the United Auto Workers |
| Dust Bowl | destroyed farm life in parts of the Great Plains |
| Black Cabinet | the many African Americans whom Pres. Roosevelt appointed to significant gov. positions |
| swing | a new style of jazz music |
| totalatarinism | the gov. controls all aspects of citizens' lives |
| facism | calls for a strong gov. headed by 1 person, in which the state is seen as more important6 than individuals and has the duty to limit o destroy all opposition |
| Nazis | Hitler's National Socialist Party |
| FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) | insured bank deposits to 5,000 |
| Federal Emergency Relief Administration | provided money to the states to distribut directly to American families |
| National Industrial Recovery Act | attemp to suspend antitrust laws, eliminate unfair competition, and prevent business failures |
| Public Works Administration | built more than 34,000 projects such as courthouses, schools, city halls, sewage plants, and roads |
| Tennesee Valley Authority | rural reform effort that included building dams for flood control and generating electricity |
| national Recovery Administration | set up rules for prices, wages, and work hours |
| Smoot Hawley Tarriff | raised US duties on imports to all time highs and led to higher foreign tarriffs, which made the worldwide depression worse |
| buying on margin | purchasing stocks on credit with a loan from a broker, believing that stock prices will continue to go up |
| New Deal | FDR pgm help US during the Great Depression |
| deficit spending | gov. spending exceed amt. received in revenue |
| Farm Security Adm. | created to increase farm ownership, help migrant workers, and create a record of rural life |
| Jesse Owns | track star who won 4 gold medals at the 1936 Olumpics |
| Frances Perkins | 12 years as secretary of labor |
| regionalists | painters inspired by regional customs |
| neutrality acts | 4 laws passed to keep US out of international incidents |
