| A | B |
|---|
| problem | the purpose of the experiment, the question you are trying to answer |
| hypothesis | educated guess, prediction of an answer to a scientific problem |
| materials | things you need to conduct an experiment |
| procedure | the directions for an experiment |
| results | what happened and what you observed in an experiment |
| conclusion | what you learned from the experiment whether the hypothesis is correct or not |
| trial | number of times you repeat an experiment |
| independent variable | what YOU change in a controlled experiment |
| dependent variable | what changes (based on something you manipulated) in a controlled experiment |
| constant | what stays the same in a controlled experiment |
| theory | what a hypothesis becomes after many successful experiments |
| scientific law | what a theory becomes when it cannot be disproved |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| temperature | the measure of how hot or cold something is |
| time | an interval of events |
| length | the distance between two points |
| volume | the amount of space a substance occupies |
| cell | the basic unit of structure and function for all living things |
| cell membrane | the thin covering that encloses a cell and holds its parts together |
| nucleus | organelle that controls all of a cell's activities |
| chromosome | threadlike strand of DNA inside the nucleus |
| cytoplasm | jellylike substance that fills the cell and contains chemicals to keep the cell functioning |
| mitochondria | organelles that release energy from food |
| vacuole | organelles that store food, water, minerals, or waste |
| cell wall | rigid layer surrounding a plant cell that supports and protects it |
| chloroplast | organelles in a plant cell that make food for the plant |
| diffusion | process by which many materials move in and out of cells |
| osmosis | diffusion of water and dissolved materials through cell membranes |
| chlorophyll | pigment that helps plants use light energy to produce sugar |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants make their own food |
| nonvascular | plants that do NOT have tubes |
| organism | a living thing |
| classification | grouping things using a set of rules |
| kingdom | the largest group into which living things can be classified |
| animal | kingdom in which organims are many celled and reproduce by eggs or live birth |
| plant | kingdom in which organims are many celled and are ALL able to make their own food |
| fungi | kingdom in which organisms are usually many-celled and must absorb food from other organisms |
| protist | kingdom in which organisms are usually one-celled, but have a nucleus |
| moneran | kingdom in which organisms are simple cells with no nucleus |
| vertebrate | animals with a backbone |
| mammals | vertebrates that have hair and give birth to live young |
| amphibians | vertebrates that have moist skin and undergo metamorphosis |
| reptiles | vertebrates that have dry, scaly skin |
| fish | vertebrates that live their entire lives in water |
| birds | vertebreates with feathers |
| invertebrate | animals that do NOT have a backbone |
| vascular | plants that have tubes |
