| A | B |
|---|
| What was the 1940-50's imaginary line that divided Europe into free vs communist? | the "iron curtain" |
| How did the US and GB prevent the communists from taking West Berlin? | airlifted supplies into WB |
| What was the US program to contain communism by sending military aid to Greece and Turkey? | Truman Doctrine |
| What was the US program to fight the spread of communism by sending economic aid to Europe? | Marshall Plan |
| Name the mutual defense pact for Western Europe to defend against communist aggression? | NATO '49 |
| The communist mutual defense pact to counter Western Europe? | Warsaw Pact |
| What two important developments occurred in 1949 for communism and this intensified the Cold War (and the American red scare)? | 1. USSR's 1st atomic bomb 2. Mao communists take over China |
| The American red scare was called what? | McCarthyism |
| What United Nations police action occurred from 1950-53? | Korean War |
| What event caused the Geneva Accords? | French defeat at Dien Bien Phu |
| What were the terms of the 1954 Geneva Accords? | divide Vietnam on 17th parallel and France withdrew |
| What nation became involved in Vietnam after the Geneva Accords, '54 | USA |
| Name the mutual defense pact for Asia to fight communist aggression. | SEATO '54 |
| What year was the peak for US troops in Vietnam? | 1968 |
| What US President and his negotiator arranged the Paris Peace Treaty with Vietnam? | Nixon and Kissinger |
| What was the economic condition of Western Europe from 1945-68? | "Western Renaissance" of prosperity and social transformation |
| Name the Frenchman who helped establish the 4th Republic, then was President of the 5th Republic until the early 70's | Charles de Gualle |
| The period of 1979-90 is known as what Revolution in Great Britain and why? | Thatcher Revolution due to PM working against the welfare state |
| The Treaty of Rome in 1957 created what European economic organization? | Common Market |
| The term for the reversal of 19th Century imperialism by the 1950-60's | decolonization |
| What colonies did the British give up after WWII? | India, Palestine, and African colonies |
| What two French colonies did the French fight to keep but ultimately lost? | Vietnam and Algeria |
| What 1956 Middle East controversy did the United Nations arbitrate after violence broke out? | Egypt nationalizing the Suez Canal |
| What Eastern European nation attempted an uprising in 1956 which was put down by the Soviets? | Hungary |
| What 1960 event increased tensions between the Soviets and USA? | U-2 spy plane w/Gary Powers shot down |
| What 1961 event sealed off East Berliners from the West? | building the Berlin Wall |
| What 1962 event brought the US and USSR close to nuclear war? | Cuban Missile Crisis |
| Who replaced Krushchev and his policy was to interfere in eastern nations to support communist regimes? | Leonid Brezhnev |
| What eastern nation attempted to liberalize the communist govt under Dubcek? | Czechoslavkia |
| What US President initiated detente with the Soviets in the 1970's over Vietnam and arms race, SALT I? | Nixon |
| Who was the author of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich about labor camps | Alexander Solzhenitsyn |
| What was the 1979 event that lead the slow decline of communist popularity and control in the USSR? | invasion of Afghanistan |
| What was Gorbachev's economic restructuring called? | perestroika |
| What was Gorbachev reform on political openness called? | glasnot |
| Who lead the Solidarity movement in Poland? | Lech Walesa |
| What West German chancellor orchestrated the reunification of Germany? | Helmut Kohl |
| In 1975 President Ford held detente with the Soviets and came up with what agreement on Soviet influence and human rights? | Helsinki Accords |
| Who was the author of The Second Sex (1949) | Simone de Beauvoir |
| What is the theme of The Second Sex (1949)? | French feminism on eco, social, and political disavantages |
| What American writer and work were influenced by The Second Sex (1949)? | Betty Freidan's The Feminine Mystique (1963) |
| Who lead post WWII existentialism? | Jean Paul Sartre |
| What post war generation influenced the challenge to tradtions for the 1960's? | babyboomers |
| What was the peal year for student protests around the world? | 1968 |
| What was the Paris event initiated by students and picked up by workers i 1968? | The General Strike |
| What post WWI philosophy is a reaction to the anxiety and despair over the end ot moral values? | Existentialism |
| Who was the most famous existentialist? | Jean Paul Sartre |
| The 1920's literature reflects what popular mood following WWI? | pessimism and alienation |
| Who labeled the WWI men the "Lost Generation?" | Gertrude Stein |
| Totalitarian regimes used what technology for propaganda purposes? | motion pictures and radio |
| Name the Treaty that surrendered Russia to Germany in 1917? | Brest-Litovsk |
| What was Lenin's economic program for the Soviet Union? | the National Eco. Program (NEP) |
| Name Stalin's economic program for the USSR? | 5 Year Plans |
| What Russian social group were killed by Stalin due to failure to follow collectivization? | Kulaks |
| Name the organization for world revolution. | the Third International/the Comintern |
| Name the totalitarian leader of Italy who came to power in 1922. | Benito Mussolini |
| What influenced the 1923 German inflation? | French occupation of the Ruhr and German strike |
| What agreement outlawed war? | Kellogg-Briand Pact |
| What German government replaced the monarchy in 1919? | the Weimar Republic |
| Who was the German chancellor in 1923 brought the nation out of its economic crisis? | Gustav Stresemann |
| What 1925 agreements readjusted the Versailles terms over Germany and Ger. joined the League of Nations? | Larcarno Agreements (1925) |
| He wrote despairingly of humans in his work Metamorphis. Who is he? | Franz Kafka |
| What was the name of George Orwell's book which predicted the negatives of totalitarianism? | 1984 |
| Mussolini made a Machiavellian move when he made the Lateran Accord (1929) with who? | the Catholic Church |
| What was Mussolini's program for fighting the depression in Italy? | created a public work program for jobs |
| What British political party replaced the Liberal party with majority votes in Parliament? | Labour Party |
| What was the name for the radical Irish national organization that worked for independence in the 1920's? | Sinn Fein |
| What was the name for the radical Irish military group lead by Eamon De Valera? | IRA |
| In 1921, Great Britain granted independence to what territory? | southern Catholic Ireland |
| What was the nickname for the National Socialist German Workers Party? | Nazis |
| What was the title of Hitler's autobiography written in the 1920's? | Mein Kampf |
| What caused Hitler to be imprisoned by the German republic in 1923? | he lead the Beer Hall Putsch in Munich |
| What American plan lowered the reparations payments over Germany in 1924? | Dawes Plan |
| What American event influenced the European economy to go into a depression? | US stockmarket crashes and dries up American loans to Europe |
| Who was the economist that encouraged govt intervention in the economy with deficit spending to fight the depression? | John Maynard Keynes |
| What country had the Popular Front which was a coalition govt of the left? | France |
| Name the 3 countries that had fascist regimes in the 1930's. | Italy, Germany, and Spain |
| What political ideology is antidemocratic, antiMarxist and pro capitalism? | fascism |
| When did Hitler and the Nazis come to power in Germany? | 1933 |
| How did Hitler and the Nazis come to power in Germany? | legally through the democratic process |
| How did Hitler subvert the Germany democracy? | By a weakness in the constitution which allowed for emergency powers to be given to the Chancellor in a crisis, ie burning of Reichstag, Enabling Act |
| Hitler purged who from the Nazi Party after he came to power? | Roehm and the SA |
| Who was head of the SS? | Himmler |
| What was the Nazi program called to eliminate the European Jewish population? | Final Solution |
| Who was the German minister of propaganda? | Goebbels |
| What 1936 event was used by the Nazis to showcase German superiority? | Berlin Olympics |
| What 1937 Nazi event destroyed opposition to their regime? | degenerate art |
| What was Hitler's first violation of the Versailles Treaty? | 1936 military reoccupation of the Rhineland |
| Britain and France appeased Hitler with what agreement in 1938? | Munich |
| What did Hitler get in the Munich Agreement? | the Sudetenland |
| What event started WWII in Europe? | German invasion of Poland, '39 |
| Hitler signed a secret nonaggression pact in 1939 with his enemy who was? | USSR and Stalin |
| What was Lebensraum? | Hitler's plan to take land from the USSR for German "living space/room" |
| What was the 1938 Anschluss? | Hitler's invasion of Austria-union of Germany and Austria |
| What caused the US entry into WWII? | Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor |
| What was the name given to the Allies opening a western offensive against Hitler in 1944? | D-Day |
| What Axis power was defeated earliest? | Mussolini and Italy |
| What Allied conference planned the invasion of Sicily? | Casablanca |
| What WWII conference planned the D-Day invasion? | Teheran |
| What conference agreed to a United Nations and the division of Germany into 4 zones? | Yalta |
| What conference demanded Japanese surrender and Soviet organizing a North Korean govt? | Potsdam |
| Who was the conservative President of Germany who thought they could control Hitler as chancellor? | Hindenburg |
| What Nazi laws robbed Jews of their citizenship and rights? | Nuremberg laws |
| What was Kristallnacht? | means crystal night-Nazi smashed windows of Jewish shops |
| What was the Nazi race ideology named? | the Aryan concept |
| What was Hitler's military technique to overrun Beligum, Netherlands, France in 1940? | the blitzkrieg-"lightening warfare" |
| What 1942 eastern battle was the turning point for Germany causing them to retreat? | Stalingrad |
| What was Hitler's last offensive in Dec 1944? | Battle of the Bulge |
| USSR was allowed to establish a communist regime in what Asia country after helping to defeat Japan? | Korea |
| New Imperialism (1880-1914) involved the taking of land in what continents? | Asia and Africa |
| What were the reasons for New Imperialism? | 2nd Industrial Revolution needed a)more markets b) resources c) to acquire world power d) "white man's burden" |
| What was the result of the Treaty of Nanking (1842)? | British took Hong Kong after the Opium Wars |
| What was the result of imperialism in China? | Boxer Rebellion (1900) and Mao's communist revolution (1949) |
| The British took South Africa from what group? | Dutch Boer farmers and the natives |
| Who colonized the Congo? | Leopold II of Beligium |
| What meeting's purpose was to settle the colonization of the interior of Africa by avoiding war? | The Berlin Conference (1884-1885) |
| What was the result of British imperialism in India? | The Great Rebellion (1857-58) |
| What is the date for WWI? | 1914-1918 |
| What are the causes of WWI? | imperialism, struggle for world power, alliance system, militarism, nationalism, and assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand |
| Why is WWI the defining event of the 2oth century? | Ended illusion of progress due to reason and science and replaced it with disallusionment of totalitarianism |
| Name the Triple Entente (Allies) | GB, FR, Russia |
| Name the Triple Alliance (Central Powers) | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy (Turkey and Bulgaria) Italy switched sides. |
| What was the Germany military plan to implement if they went to war against Russia? | von Schlieffen Plan |
| Great Britain promised to free the Middle East under what decree? | Balfour Declaration (1917) |
| What was clause 231 in the Versailles Treaty? | German guilt clause |
| In what year did the United States enter WWI and why? | 1917 due to unrestricted submarine warfare |
| What happened to the German government following WWI? | Kaiser abdicated and the Weimar Republic was established |
| What battle prevented the taking of Paris? | 1st Battle of the Marne |
| What peace keeping organization was created at Versailles? | League of Nations |
| What was the immediate cause of WWI in 1914? | assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand |
| As a result of European imperialism in China, what change occurred in China in 1949? | Communist Revolutio lead by Mao |
| What Englishman helped colonize Africa for British nationalism and his own personal wealth? | Cecil Rhodes |
| In 1915 what British ocean liner was sank by U-boats? | the Lusitania |
| What treaty resulted from the surrender of Russia to Germany in 1917? | Treaty of Brest-Litovsk |
| What pledge did the Germans make to stop unrestricted submarine warfare? | Sussex Pledge '16 |
| What type of warfare most characterized WWI? | trench warfare |
| Who was the father of modern sociology and positivism? | Auguste Comte |
| What was Charles Darwin's writing that explained natural selection? | On the Origin of Species (1859) |
| Who developed the concept of social darwinism? | Herbert Spencer |
| How did Albert Einstein's theory of relativity contribute to the debate over a rational world? | The new science undermined the stability of Newtonian physics, thus the universe was uncertain instead of constant laws of nature. |
| What literary movement portrayed the hypocrisy and dullness that underlay middle class life? | realism |
| What was the theme of modernism in the arts? | critical of middle class society and morality>trying to create new forms |
| What was Virginia Woolf's feminist writing that challenged society's male dominance? | A Room of One's Own (1928) |
| What art form played with light and color, middle class leisure outdoor activities? | impressionism |
| Georges Seurat and Vincent Van Gogh are classified under what art form? | post-impressionism |
| Pablo Picasso developed what art form? | cubism |
| The painting Guernica by Picasso is about what event? | Spanish Civil War |
| What art form stressed the obsturd as a challenge to the reason of capitalist middle class society? | Dadaism |
| Who authored The Will to Power and The Birth of Tragedy? | Friedrich Nietzsche |
| Sigmund Freud maintained the two most instintual human natures are what? | sex and aggressive drive for power |
| What was the theme of Houston Stewart Chamberlain's foundations of the 19th Century (1899) | Exalted concept of a superior race and was anti Semitic |
| Who lead late 19th C. Zionist movement? | Theodor Herzl |
| The 2nd Industrial Revolution brought greater influence to which class of society? | the middle class |
| What urban reforms characterize Europe prior to WWI? | public health reform to ward off spread of disease>sewers and water systems |
| The 2nd Industrial Revolution encouraged the development of what social gender concept? | the cult of domesticity for the middle class woman |
| What British suffragette's motto was "Deeds not Words"? | Emmeline Pankhurst |
| What European nation was the last to grant women's suffrage (after WWII)? | France |
| What was a British Fabian? | a socialist who was non-Marxist and for gradual democratic social reform |
| How did Germany avoid socialist uprisings and demands? | Bismarck's old age and disability pension plans |
| What uprising followed the Russian defeat to Japan in 1905? | Workers' uprising known as Bloody Sunday |
| What was the result of the Bloody Sunday uprising? | the October Manifesto |
| What was the result of the October Manifesto? | the first Russian constitution |
| Who brought public disdain on the Romanov monarchy by 1916? | Rasputin |
| Who lead the Bolsheviks? | Lenin |
