| A | B |
|---|
| Reconstruction | Program implemented by the federal government between 1865 and 1877 to repair the damage to the South caused by the Civil War and restore the southern states to the Union |
| pardon | an official forgiveness of a crime |
| Radical Republican | Wanted tp destroy all power of former slaveholders; believed that African Americans should be given citizenship and the right to vote |
| pocket veto | type of veto a chief executive may use after a legislature has adjourned; it is applied when the chief executive does not formally sign or reject a bill within the time period allowed to do so |
| Freeman's Bureau | Established by Congress to assist former slaves and poor whites in areas of education, healthcare, and employment |
| Black Codes | Pass after the Civil War, these discriminatory laws had the effect of severely limiting African American lives and restoring some of the restrictions |
| 14th Amendment | Made "all persons born or naturalized in the U.S." citizens & entitled them to equal protection of the law with no state depriving any person of life, liberty or property w/o due process of law |
| Civil Rights | Citizens' personal liberties guaranteed by law, such as voting rights and equal treatment |
| impeach | formally charge with misconduct in office; House of Representatives has power to do federal officials; the Senate then acts as jury |
| 15th Amendment | Prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on race, color or previous condition of servitude. |
| carpetbagger | Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War; everything could fit in their luggage |
| scalawag | negative nickname for a white southern Republican after the Civil War |
| Sharecropping | each landowner provided a few acres for former slaves or poor whites to farm as well as tools and seed; in return, the worker gave a portion of his crop yield to the landowner as payment; renewed each year as needed |
| infrastructure | the public property and services that a society uses |
| Enforcement Act of 1870 | Passed by Congress to ban the use of terror, force, or bribery to prevent people from voting because of their race |
| solid South | term used to describe the domination of post-Civil War southern politics by the Democratic Party |
| Compromise of 1877 | Support for Hayes as President by Southern Dems if federal troops withdrew from LA & SC; federal money for RR from TX to West Coast & improvements for Southern rivers, harbors, bridges; appointment of consevative Southerner to President Hayes's |
