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| Chemical equation | a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, specif. the reactants on the left and the products on the right, separated by an equal sign or directional arrows |
| Skeleton equation | a chemical equation that does not indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products |
| Catalyst | a substance that increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation -energy barrier; the catalyst is not used up |
| Coefficients | a small whole number that appears in front of a formula in a abalanaced chemical equation |
| Balanced equation | a chemical equation in which mass is conserved; each side of the equation has the same number of atoms of each element |
| Combination reaction | a chemical change in which two or more substances react to form a single new substance; also called a synthesis reaction |
| Decomposition reaction | a chemical change in which a single compound is broken down into two or more simpler products |
| Single-replacement reaction | a chemical change in which atomes of an element replace atoms of a second element in a compound; also called a displacement reaction |
| Double-replacement reactions | a chemical change that involves an exchange of positive ions between two compounds |
| Combustion reaction | a chemical change in which oxygen reacts with another substance, often producing energy in the form of heat and light |
| Complete ionic equation | an equation for a reaction in solution showing all strong electrolytes |
| Spectator ions | an ion that is not directly involved in a chemical reaction; an ion that does not change oxidation number of composistion during a reaction |
| Net ionic equation | an equation for a reaction in solution showing only those particles that are directly involved in the chemical change |
