| A | B |
|---|
| duplication | form of matation in which a choromosome contains an extra copy of a segment of DNA |
| centromere | 2 chromads are attached by a protein disk called this |
| autosomes | a chromosome that is not directly involved in dextermining sex |
| chorionic villi sampling | fetal testing procedure in which pieces of the chronic villi in a mother's uterus are removed and examined for genetic abnormalties |
| deletion | matation in which a nucleotide or segment of DNA is lost |
| mutations | change in the DNA of a gene or chromosome |
| inversion | matation in which a chromosome fragment rejoins its original chromosome with its nucleotides reserved |
| translocation | movement of sugar within a plant form a source to asinine |
| aminiocentesis | procedure in which a sample of amniotic fluid is withdrawn and tested for genetic abnormalties in a fetus |
| zygote | fertilized egg cell |
| sex chromosomes | chromosomes that differ between males and females |
| centromere | region joining 2 chromatids |
| chromatids | one pair of strands of DNA that make up a chromosome during meiosis or mitosis |
| gene | a segment of DNA that transmits information from parent to offspring |
| chromosome | a rod shaped structure that formss when a single DNA molecule coils and twists into a dense structure |
| homologous chromosome | chromosomes that are similar in shape, size, and genes they carry |
| karyotype | array of the chromosomes found in an individual cells arranged in order of size and shape |
| gametes | haploid cell that participates in fertilization by fusing with other haploid cells |
| trisomy | condition in which a diploid cell has an extra chromosome |
| nonisjunction | accident chromosome separation when one daughter cell recieves both chromosomes and the one daughter cell recieves none |
| Down syndrome | a syndrom of congenital defects, especially mental retardation resulting from an additional copy of chromosome 21 |
| haploid | having only one set of chromosomes |
