| A | B |
|---|
| Begins at the apex of the femoral canal & ends at the adductor hiatus | Adductor canal ( hunter) |
| Femoral a. becomes popliteal a. as it… | passes through the adductor hiatus |
| Nerve to vastus medialis & the saphenous n. | accompany the femoral vessels through adductor canal |
| obturator nerve | (L2-L4) |
| Anterior branch of obturator nerve innervates: | adductor longus, & adductor brevis ms. |
| posterior branch of obdurator nerve innervates: | adductor portion of adductor magnus m. |
| quadriceps femoris tendon | attaches to the patella |
| patellar ligament | continuation of the quadriceps tendon, attaches to the tibial tuberosity |
| largest sesamoid bone in the body | patella |
| Obturator externus m. | –Laterally rotates thigh; steadies head of femur in acetabulum |
| is a small, flat, fan-shaped muscle | Obturator externus m. |
| Gracilis m. | Adducts the thigh, flexes the leg & helps rotate it medially |
| Gracilis m. | a long, strap-like muscle that crosses the knee & hip joint |
| Adductor magnus m. (adductor part) | adducts & flexes the thigh |
| Adductor hiatus: | opening in the tendon of the adductor magnus m. located just above the knee |
| 3 large arteries arise in the femoral triangle: | (profunda femoris a.), lateral circumflex femoral a., & medial circumflex femoral |
| the iliopsoas & pectineus ms. | the floor of the femoral triangle is formed by: |
| femoral triangle bounded laterally by: | sartorius muscle |
| femoral triangle bounded medially by: | adductor longus muscle |
| Profunda Femoris (Deep Femoral) Artery | Gives rise to the medial & lateral femoral circumflex & muscular branches |
| Descends in front of the pectineus, add brevis, & add magnus but behind the add longus | Profunda Femoris (Deep Femoral) Artery |
| Femoral Nerve: | Innervates muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh |
| Largest branch of the lumbar plexus (L2-L4) | Femoral Nerve: |
| innervated by the femoral nerve | psoas and iliacus muscles |
| the femoral nerve travels … | posteriorlaterally through the pelvis |
| Innervates muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh | obdurator nerve |
| Saphenous Nerve | Terminal cutaneous branch of the femoral n. |
| Descends through the femoral triangle, lateral to the femoral sheath | Saphenous Nerve |
| Extensors, abductors, & medial rotators of the thigh | Superficial layer: 3 large glutei muscles& the tensor fascia lata |
| Superficial layer: 3 large glutei muscles& the tensor fascia lata | These all have proximal attachments to the ala of the ilium |
| gracilis and sartorius to become subcutaneous, supplying the skin of the medial knee, leg, and ankle | the saphenous nerve passes between the |
| Gluteal muscles, deep layer consists of smaller muscles | Piriformis, obturator internus, externus gemelli, & quadratus femoris ms. |
| Deep layer of gluteal muscles | All have distal attachments on or near the intertrochanteric crest of the femur |
| Piriformis, obturator internus, externus gemelli, & quadratus femoris ms. | Lateral rotators of the thigh; stabilize the hip joint |
| Piriformus: Pear-shaped muscle located inferior to the gluteus medius m. | Gluteal vessels are named depending if the emerge superior or inferior to the muscle |
| Piriformus muscle | Lateral rotator of the thigh; passes through greater sciatic foramen |
| The nerve to the obturator internus also supplies the superior gemellus | superior gemellus |
| The nerve to the quadratus femoris also supplies the inferior gemellus | inferior gemellus |
| Both are lateral rotators of the thigh | Gemellus muscles |
| Lateral rotator of the thigh; exits pelvis by passing through the lesser sciatic foramen | Obturator internus m |
| The obturator internus & gemelli ms. | form the triceps coxae which occupies the gap between the piriformis & quadratus femoris ms |
| Ilioinguinal n. | (L1) |
| Iliohypogastric n. | (L1) |
| Genitofemoral n. | (L1-L2) |
| Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh | (L2-L3) |
| Femoral n. | (L2-L4) |
| Accessory obturator nerve | (L3, L4) |
| Obturator nerve | (L2-L4) |
| Lumbosacral trunk | (L4,L5) |
| Ilioinguinal & Iliohypogastric nerves | •Enter abdomen posterior to the medial arcuate ligament & pass anterior to the quadratus lumborum muscle |
| •Run superior & parallel to iliac crest | Ilioinguinal & Iliohypogastric nerves |
| Ilioinguinal & Iliohypogastric nerves | •Pierce transverse abdominal near ASIS |
| Genitofemoral Nerve | •Pierces the psoas major & runs down its anterior surface |
| •Pierces the abdominal wall | Genitofemoral Nerve |
| Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh | •Runs inferolaterally on the iliacus |
| •Enters the thigh deep to the inguinal ligament | Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh |
| •Supplies skin on the anterolateral surface of thigh | Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh |
| Femoral Nerve | •Emerges form the lateral border of the psoas major |
| anterior thigh supplying the flexors of the hip & extensors of the knee | Femoral Nerve: Passes deep to the inguinal ligament to the |
| NO pelvic structures are | supplied by the obturator nerve |
| if injured during surgery (removal of cancerous lymph nodes from lateral pelvic wall) | obdurator nerve causes painful spasms of thigh adductor ms. |
| •Sciatic nerve | (L4-S1) |
| •Pudendal nerve | (S2-S4) |
| •Superior gluteal nerve | (L4 -S1) |
| •Inferior gluteal nerve | (L5-S2) |
| L1 dermatome | innervates the groin |
| L3 | innervates the knee |
| L4 | innervates the great toe |
| L5 | the middle toes |
| S1 | the little toe |
| S2 | the middle of the posterior surface of the leg and thigh |
| T10 | umbilicus |
| L1, L2 | cremaster muscle |
| anterior scrotal nerves | L1 |
| posterior scrotal nerves | S2-S4 |
| posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh | S2, S3 |
| hip flexion | L2, L3 |
| HIP EXTENSION | L5, S1 |
| KNEE EXTENSION | L3, L4 |
| KNEE FLEXION | L5, S1 |
| DORSIFLEXION | L4, L5 |
| PLANTAR FLEXION | S1, S2 |
| FOOT EVERSION | L5, S1 |
| FOOT INVERSION | L4, L5 |
| DEEP FIBULAR ( PERONEAL) NERVE | WEB BETWEEN GREAT TOE |
| Ilioinguinal n. | (L1) |
| Iliohypogastric n. | (L1) |
| Genitofemoral n. | (L1-L2) |
| Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh | (L2-L3) |
| Femoral n. | (L2-L4) |
| Accessory obturator nerve | (L3, L4) |
| Obturator nerve | (L2-L4) |
| Lumbosacral trunk | (L4,L5) |
| •Sciatic nerve | (L4-S1) |
| •Pudendal nerve | (S2-S4) |
| •Superior gluteal nerve | (L4 -S1) |
| •Inferior gluteal nerve | (L5-S2) |
| anterior thigh supplying the flexors of the hip & extensors of the knee | Femoral Nerve: Passes deep to the inguinal ligament to the |
| NO pelvic structures are | supplied by the obturator nerve |
| if injured during surgery (removal of cancerous lymph nodes from lateral pelvic wall) | obdurator nerve causes painful spasms of thigh adductor ms. |
| Femoral Nerve: | Innervates muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh |
| Largest branch of the lumbar plexus (L2-L4) | Femoral Nerve: |
| innervated by the femoral nerve | psoas and iliacus muscles |
| the femoral nerve travels … | posteriorlaterally through the pelvis |
| Innervates muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh | obdurator nerve |
| Saphenous Nerve | Terminal cutaneous branch of the femoral n. |
| Descends through the femoral triangle, lateral to the femoral sheath | Saphenous Nerve |
| L1 dermatome | innervates the groin |
| L3 | innervates the knee |
| L4 | innervates the great toe |
| L5 | the middle toes |
| S1 | the little toe |
| S2 | the middle of the posterior surface of the leg and thigh |
| T10 | umbilicus |
| L1, L2 | cremaster muscle |
| anterior scrotal nerves | L1 |
| posterior scrotal nerves | S2-S4 |
| posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh | S2, S3 |
| hip flexion | L2, L3 |
| HIP EXTENSION | L5, S1 |
| KNEE EXTENSION | L3, L4 |
| KNEE FLEXION | L5, S1 |
| DORSIFLEXION | L4, L5 |
| PLANTAR FLEXION | S1, S2 |
| FOOT EVERSION | L5, S1 |
| FOOT INVERSION | L4, L5 |
| DEEP FIBULAR ( PERONEAL) NERVE | WEB BETWEEN GREAT TOE |
| Ilioinguinal n. | (L1) |
| Iliohypogastric n. | (L1) |
| Genitofemoral n. | (L1-L2) |
| Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh | (L2-L3) |
| Femoral n. | (L2-L4) |
| Accessory obturator nerve | (L3, L4) |
| Obturator nerve | (L2-L4) |
| Lumbosacral trunk | (L4,L5) |
| •Sciatic nerve | (L4-S1) |
| •Pudendal nerve | (S2-S4) |
| •Superior gluteal nerve | (L4 -S1) |
| •Inferior gluteal nerve | (L5-S2) |
| anterior thigh supplying the flexors of the hip & extensors of the knee | Femoral Nerve: Passes deep to the inguinal ligament to the |
| NO pelvic structures are | supplied by the obturator nerve |
| if injured during surgery (removal of cancerous lymph nodes from lateral pelvic wall) | obdurator nerve causes painful spasms of thigh adductor ms. |
| Femoral Nerve: | Innervates muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh |
| Largest branch of the lumbar plexus (L2-L4) | Femoral Nerve: |
| innervated by the femoral nerve | psoas and iliacus muscles |
| the femoral nerve travels … | posteriorlaterally through the pelvis |
| Innervates muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh | obdurator nerve |
| Saphenous Nerve | Terminal cutaneous branch of the femoral n. |
| Descends through the femoral triangle, lateral to the femoral sheath | Saphenous Nerve |
