| A | B |
|---|
| Long bones | Contain dense bone tissue and are found in the arms and legs |
| Short bones | Cube shaped bone primarily found in the wrists and ankles |
| Osseous tisse | Bone |
| Bone cells | Osteocytes |
| Compact bone | Dense, hard bone tissue found in the shafts of long bones |
| Spongy bone | Cancellous tissue found at the ends of the long bones |
| Haversian systems | Found primarily in shafts of long bones |
| Diaphysis | Long shaft of the bone |
| Epiphysis | Surface that articulates with a joint |
| Periosteum | Tough connective tissue membrane that covers outside of the diaphysis |
| Articular cartilage | Found on the outer surface of the epiphysis |
| Ossification | Formation of bone |
| Osteoblasts | Bone-forming cells |
| Longitudinal bone growth occurs here | The epiphyseal disc |
| Condyle | Large rounded knob that usually articulates with another bone |
| Crest | A ridge on a bone |
| Trochanter | A large tubercle found only on the femur |
| Fossa | A depression or groove |
| Meatus | A tunnel or tube-like passageway |
| Compound fracture | A broken bone that also pierces the skin |
| Greenstick fracture | An incomplete break in the bone usually occuring in children |
| Luxation | A dislocation of a bone from its joint |
| Cranium | Bony structure that encases and protects the brain. |
| Malleous, Incus, and Stapes | Middle ear bones |
| Metacarpals | Bones in fingers. |
| Metatarsals | Bones in feet |
| Patella | Knee cap |
| Zygomatic process | Bones which form the cheekbones |
| Occipital bone | Bone located posteriorly at the base of the skull |
| Mandible | Lower jaw bone |
| Maxilla | Carries the upper teeth |
| Sunken fontanelles | Sign of dehydration |
| Sacrum | Forms the posterior wall of the pelvis. |
| Kyphosis | An exaggerated lumbar curvature |
| Sternum | The breastbone |
| Ziphoid process | Tip of the sternum |
| Clavicle | Collar bone |
| Femur | Thigh bone |
| Articulation surface | Where two bones meet |
| Synovial joints | Freely moving joints |
| Example of a synovial joint | The knee joint |
| Medial meniscus | Crescent-shaped pads of cartilage that rest on the tibia and absorb the shock of walking |
| Example of a hinge joint | The elbows |
| Arthritis | Inflammation of the joint |
| Flexion | Bending of a joint that decreases the angle between the bones. |
| Plantar flexion | Bending the foot down. |
| Abduction | Movement away from the midline of the body |
| Eversion | Turning the sole of the foot outward |
| Supination | Turning the hand so that the palm faces upward |
| Circumduction | A combination of movements in a circular fashion |
| Osteoporosis | A loss of bone mass causing bones to become weak and porous |
| Sprain | An injury to a joint cased by the twisting of the joint |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of one or more bursae |
| Ball and socket joint | The hip |
| Pronation | Turning the hand so that the hand faces downward |
| Adduction | Movement toward the midline of the body |
| Dorsiflexion | Bending the foot up toward the leg |
| Excess uric acid in a joint | Gout |
| Synovial fluid | Lubricates the bones of a joint |
| Illium | Common site for bone marrow biopsies |
