| A | B |
|---|
| five fundamental elements of most living matter | hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur |
| requiring more than an intake of more than 100 mg/day | major minerals |
| the remaining 18 elements that make up this group | trace minerals |
| abnormal thinning of the bone, producing a porous, fragile, lattice-like bone tissue of enlarged spaces that is prone to fracture of deformity | osteoporosis |
| needed for bone and tooth formation, blood clotting, muscle and nerve action, and metabolic reactions | calcium |
| needed for bone and tooth formation, energy metabolism, and acid-base balance | phosphorus |
| needed to regulate water balance, acid base balance, muscle action, and glucose abosorption | sodium |
| needed in water balance, metabolic reactions, muscle action, insulin release, and blood pressure | potassium |
| needed forgeneral metabolism, protein synthesis, muscle action, and basal metabolic rate | magnesium |
| needed in digestion and respirations | chloride |
| needed for hair, skin, and nail structure, general metabolic function, vitamin structure, and collagen structure | sulfur |
| needed for hemoglobin synthesis, and general metabolism | iron |
| participates in the thyroid gland's synthesis of the hormone thyroxine | iodine |
| an enlarged thryoid gland caused by lace of enough available iodine to produce the thyroid hormone thyroxine | goiter |
| needed for energy costituent, insulin storage, immune system | zinc |
| functions as an antioxidant enzyme that protects cells and their lipid membranes | selenium |
| prevent dental caries | fluoride |
| richest food source for this mineral is organ meats | copper |
| stores mainly in the liver | cobalt |
