| A | B |
|---|
| Biological Race | Differs from others because of hereditary traits |
| Race | Categories of people set apart because of physical characteristics |
| Ethnicity | Status based on cultural heritage |
| Ethnic Group | People set apart from others because of customs and lifestyles |
| Minority Group | Category of people whose physical appearance are different from the dominatnt group |
| Prejudice | Irrational attitudes or preconceived judgments toward a category of people |
| Racism | Beliefs and attitutdes that one racial category is superior or inferior to another |
| Psychological Perspective | Authoritarian personality, frustration-aggression hypothesis and scapegoating |
| Cultural Perspective | Includes enthocentrism. Sterotypes come into play here |
| Intergroup Competition/Conflict Perspective | Basic sourse of prejudice and discrimination is scarce resources |
| Split Labor Market | Two groups of workers do the same work for different wages |
| Discrimination | Unequal treatment of people because of group membership |
| Types of discrimination | Personal discrimination, legal discrimination, institutional discrimination |
| Merton 4 Theories | Author Theorist |
| Merton'Theory | Prejudice/discrimination can be combined |
| Unprejudiced Nondiscriminators | All-weather liberals |
| Unprejudiced discriminators | Fair-weather liberals |
| Prejudiced nondiscriminators | Fair-weather bigots |
| Prejudiced discriminators | All-weather bigots |
| Pluralism | Occurs when raical and ethnic groups maintain relationships while retaining distinctive identities |
| Assimilation | Process by which a racial or ethnic minority loses identity to conform to dominant groups culture |
| Three basic types of assimilation | Culturea, structural and marital |
| Segregation | Physical separation of minority groups from others in society |
| Social segregation | occurs when minority group is excluded from participatin in social, political and other activities of the dominant society |
| Genocide | deliberate and systematic elimination of men, women and children of a particular minority group |
| Sex | based on biological and physical differences between females and males |
| Gender | cultural understanding about what constitutes femininity and masculinity in a society |
| Sex Biological differentation | nature versus nurture debate |
| Secual orientation | preference for sex partners |
| Heterosexuality | attraction to partners of opposite sex |
| Homosexuality | Sexual relations between members of the same sex |
| Bisexuality | Men and women |
| Homophobia | hatred and discrimiation directed agains homosexuals |
| Sexism | inequality based on sx and gender |
| Feminism | feminism is an ideology aimed at eliminating patriarchy in support of equality between the sexes |
| Power | ability to realize one's will even against resistance and oppostion of others |
| Politics | social proces through which people and groups acquire, exercise, maintain, or lose power over others |
| Political institutions | social arrangemnts that distribute and exercise power |
| Government | people and organizations that formulate and implement public policy |
| Authority | form of ligitimate power that has widespread social approval |
| Traditional Authority | based on custom and habit which has it roots in the distant past, and is often religiously sanctioned |
| Legal-rational authority | based on explicit rules, regulations, and procedures that define who hold power and how power is to be exercised |
| Charismatic authority | based on unique personal qualities which include the ability to excite and inspire others |
| Expertise | form of authority derived from the possession of specialized knowledge |
| Influence | the ability to affect the behavior of others through persuasion, rewards, inducements or manipulation |
| Politics | influence the mass media |
