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Netter's Back and Upper Extremity
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| A | B |
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| Trapezius origin | External occipital protuberance and medial third of the superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of the 7th cervical vertebra, and all 12 thoracic vertebrae. |
| Trapezius insertion | Superior fibers insert into the posterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle. Middle fibers insert into the medial margin of the acromion and posterior border of the scapular spine. Inferior fibers converge to end in an aponeurosis inserted into the scapular spine. |
| Trapezius action | The upper and lower fibers act primarily to rotate the scapula for full abduction of the upper extremity. The upper fibers, acting alone, elevate the shoulder and brace the shoulder girdle when a weight is being carried by the shoulder or hand. Central fibers run horizontally and retract the shoulder. Lower fibers draw the scapula downward. When both muscles act together, the scapula can be adducted and the head drawn directly backward. |
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