| A | B |
|---|
| natural rights | The right to life, liberty, and property; also know as fundamental rights |
| government | The main purpose is to protect the rights of the people |
| state of nature | A condition wher people live without laws or government |
| consent | to agree to |
| social compact or social contract | an agreement between people to give up some freedoms for the protection of other freedoms guaranteed by the law/government |
| absolute power | power without limits, e.g., some Kings |
| John Locke | philosopher 1632-1704: wrote about natural rights and governments' main role to protect natural rights |
| free education | right people should have |
| Roman Republic | 509 B.C. - 27 B.C. when they governed themselves without a king |
| aristocrats | rich people |
| republican government | Rome government: defined as when citizens have power to govern; citizens give power to leaders they elect representatives who look out for common welfare |
| common welfare | good of entire community |
| civic virtue | citizens and leaders live common lives; put common welfare before their own |
| dictator | supreme leader with unlimited power |
| separated powers | government with different branches; no one branch all power; each branch represent different group in society |
| balanced powers | no branch of government so much power it can control the others |
| Montesquieu | (1689-1755) father of separated, balanced, and checked government to ensure common welfare |
| founders embraced | idea of republican form of government |
| founders believed | republicanism meant citizens and leaders lead modest lives and worked hard-people care about common welfare |
