| A | B |
| Topic | The subject of a piece of writing |
| Audience | Who will read the piece of writing? |
| Purpose | the reason for writing |
| Freewriting | writing without stopping for a limited amount of time |
| Clustering | drawing a word map around a topic |
| Questioning | asking and answering questions about a topic |
| Writing strategies | ways of getting writing ideas to flow |
| Writing that entertains | It amuses the reader. |
| Writing that persuades | It convinces the reader to see the writer's point of view. |
| Writing that informs | It explains a topic. |
| Journal writing | exploring topics of interest, thoughts, and ideas |
| Writing portfolio | samples of the writer's compositions |