| A | B |
|---|
| fertilizers | A substance spread onto soil to increase its ability to support crops. Fertilizers include organic materials, such as manure, but can also be man made chemicals such as nitrates. |
| Fleming, Alexander | (1881-1955) English scientist who, in 1928, observed that a mold called Penicillium killed germs. This discovery resulted in the development of antibiotics, which attack or weaken bacteria that cause many diseases. Antibiotics were not widely used until the 1940s. |
| Ford, Henry | (1863-1947) American Industrialist. Ford is best know for his innovations in the auto manufacturing industry. His company was the first to use an assembly line for production. |
| fundamental | Affecting the underlying principles or structure of something. |
| genetic engineering | The process of altering life forms by manipulating their genetic structure. |
| golden age | A time in a culture of high achievement in arts, literature, and science. Generally occurs in times of peace. |
| Greek column | Fluted column used in many of their buildings, and copied throughout the world today. |
| Green Revolution | Throughout the 20th century, scientists worked on improving agriculture, especially in areas with high populations. Some of the technologies developed included better irrigation systems so farmers could get water to their crops. New machinery was built to handle larger production and to take the burden of agriculture work off of humans. New chemical fertilizers and pesticides were created to increase food production, and new varieties of grains and livestock were developed also for greater production. The Green Revolution has had only limited success. The high costs associated with many of these new technologies have kept the small farmer from taking advantage of them. |
| greenhouse gas | A gas such as carbon dioxide, ozone, or water vapor that are a factoring the warming of the Earth’s atmosphere. |
| gunpowder | Chemical compound that burns very quickly. Used in weaponry |
| Hellenistic | Time period from the late 4th century BCE to the 1st century CE that was characterized by Greek achievement and a blending of Persian, Egyptian, Greek, and Indian cultures due to the empire of Alexander the Great. |
| hieroglyphics | A system of writing which uses pictures for concepts and ideas. |
| Hippocratic Oath | An promise made new physicians to treat all people fairly, and to seek to preserve life. Named after a ancient Greek physician who is credited with writing it. |
| Hiroshima | Japanese city devastated during World War II when the United States dropped the first atomic bomb on Aug 6th, 1945. |
| Hubble Space Telescope | Large space telescope able to see farther than any other telescope at the end of the 20th century. |
| Ibn Sina | Islamic physician, wrote a book called Canon on Medicine, which was an encyclopedia of Greek, Arabic, and his own knowledge of medicine. This book became the standard medical text in Europe for over five hundred years. |
| idealized realism | Art form practiced by the Greeks during the 5th century BCE. Portrays the human form very realistically, but in its perfect form. |
| ideographs | Writing system that uses pictures of ideas. |
| industrialization | The change to industrial methods of production such as the use of factories. |
| information superhighway | Term given to the Internet due to the amount of information transferred. |
