| A | B |
| William Penn | founder of the Pennsylvania colony |
| Pennsylvania Dutch | German-speaking Protestants |
| Quakers | one of the most despised religious groups in England |
| Breadbasket Colonies | name given to the Middle Colonies because they exported so much grain |
| backcountry | area along the eastern slopes of the Appalachian Mountains |
| patroon | rich landowner in the Dutch colonies |
| Proprietary Colony | English colony in which the king gave land to proprietors in exchange for a yearly payment |
| cash crop | surplus of crops sold for money on the world market |
| Great Wagon Road | old Iroquois trail that settlers followed |