| A | B |
|---|
| Intron | Segments of mRNA cut out of transcribed message before leaving the cell nucleus. |
| Exon | Segments of mRNA that are pieced together to make final "protein message" |
| DNA | Double-stranded nucleic acid; "code of life" |
| Plasmid | Circular pieces of DNA found in bacteria. |
| Recombinant DNA | Splicing "foreign" DNA from another organism into a strand of DNA |
| Protein Synthesis | Process of coding for and making proteins. |
| Translation | Part of protein synthesis where mRNA codons are translated into a chain of amino acids. |
| Transcription | Part of protein synthesis where DNA code is converted to RNA language |
| Restriction enzymes | "Molecular scissors",;enzymes used by cells to cut up DNA. |
| Mutation | A change in the DNA or RNA code. |
| DNA ligase | "Molecular glue" used to splice pieces of DNA together. |
| Reverse transcriptase | Enzyme used by retroviruses to insert their genetic material into host cell genetic material. |
| Genome | All the genetic material in the cells of an organism. |
