| A | B |
|---|
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Solid | matter with definite shape and volume |
| Liquid | matter with no definite shape, definite volume |
| Gas | matter with no definite shape or volume |
| Plasma | High energy matter, not found on earth |
| Atoms | Small particles that make up matter |
| Nucleus | Center of atom; contains protons and neutrons |
| Protons | Positively charged subatomic particle |
| Neutrons | Neutral subatomic particle |
| Electron Cloud | Cloud where electrons (negatively charged) particles orbit nucleus |
| Element | Can't be divided; made of one kind of atom |
| Ion | charged atom, happens when an atom gains or loses electron |
| Compound | Made when atoms of different element combine |
| Molecule | Smallest part of a substance that has all the chemical properties of that substance |
| Chemical Formula | A shorthand way of writing compounds (H2O) |
| Physical properties | Characteristics of an element or compound that can be determined without changing the identity of a substance |
| Physical change | When physical properties change but do not result in a new substance, only in change of size or shape |
| Chemical change | Change that produces one or more new substances; requires energy to start |
| Water | Universal solvent |
| Salt | Product of an acid and a base |
| Organic Compounds | Have chains or rings of carbons |
| Carbohydrates | Sugars and starches; job is to store and transfer energy |
| Lipids | Fats, oils, waxes; jobs are to store more energy, repel water, insulate animals |
| Proteins | Made of amino acids; job is to build body |
| Nucleic Acids | Controls cells, determine heredity |
| Enzyme | Catalyst in living organisms, made of proteins |
| Lock and Key | Shape of substrate fits into only one active site, so one enzyme |
