| A | B |
|---|
| Nubia | an ancient region of Africa, which extended from the southern border of Egypt throughout what is now Sudan |
| Kush | an ancient Nubian kingdom tha tconquered all of upper and lower Egypt in the 700's B.C. |
| Piankhi | a king of Kush around 750 B.C., who gained control fo almost all of Egypt, becoming pharaoh and uniting the two kingdoms |
| Meroe | the capital of Kush starting about 590 B.C. and a center of trade |
| smelting | the heating and melting of certain rocks to separate the metals they contain |
| Aksum | an ancient African kingdom on the Red Sea that rose to power in the fourth century A.D., in what is now Ethiopia & Eritrea; it replaced the kingdom of Kush |
| Horn of Africa | the easternmost projection of the African continent - the region occupied by present-day countries of Somolia and Ethiopia; the horn-shaped area in eastern Africa in which Aksum was located |
| Adulis | an ancient city on the Red Sea, which served as the main trading port of the kingdom of Aksum |
| Ezana | a strong king of Aksum who came to power in A.D. 325, greatly expanded the kingdom, and made Christianity the official religion |
| terrace | a leveled area on a hillside |
| animism | the belief that spirits exist in animals, plants, other natural objects, and natural forces |
| griot | an official storyteller in ancient African civilizations who helped convey history |
| Nok | an ancient African civilization in what is now southeast Nigeria, noted for its manufacture of iron tools |
| Bantu | a group of West African people that gradually migrated eastward and southward, bringing farming and herding to new regions |
| migration | a movement from one region or country to settle in another |
