| A | B |
|---|
| opportunity cost | the value of a good or service in terms of what had to be given up in order to get that item |
| trade | the exchange of goods and services |
| technology | the use of scientific knowledge to make or do something |
| navigation | the science of planning and following a route |
| expedition | a trip taken with the goal of exploring |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of land that connects two larger land areas |
| treaty | an agreement between countries about peace, trade, or other matters |
| conquistador | any of the Spanish conquerors in the Americas during the early 1500s |
| reform | to change |
| empire | a collection of lands ruled by the nation that won control of them |
| missionary | a religious teacher sent out by a church to spread its religion |
| Northwest Passage | a waterway in North America thought to connect the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean |
| mutiny | rebellion against the leader of one’s group |
| incentive | An offer that tries to get people to work toward a goal. Example: Your parents will get you a pet if you get E’s in Conduct on your report card all year. |
| good | things that people are paid to make |
| discover | to find an unknown place or thing |
| explorer | someone who travels to an unknown place in order to discover |
| century | a period of one hundred years |
| disease | a certain kind of illness |
| Columbian Exchange | 20. the exchange of goods and ideas between the Europeans and Native Americans. |
| Great Lakes | The largest lakes in the United States and all of North America |
| St. Lawrence River | 27. The river that connects the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. It is also the border between the United States and Canada in many places. |
| Atlantic Coastal Plain | 28. A relatively flat landform extending 2,200 miles from New York southward to a Georgia/Florida section. The settlers living in the 13 colonies landed on the Atlantic coast as they came ashore in the New World |
