| A | B |
|---|
| alternating current (AC) | An electrical current that reverses its direction at regular intervals of time. |
| arc welding electrode | A component of the welding circuit through which current is conducted. |
| butt joint | A welding joint between two members aligned approximately in the same plane. |
| crater | A depression at the termination of a weld bead. |
| current | The amount of electricity passing through a conductor in a given amount of time. |
| ductility | The ability of a material to become permanently deformed without failure. |
| ferrous | A metal that contains iron primarily, such as carbon steels, cast irons, and stainless steels. |
| fillet weld | A weld of approximately triangular cross-section joining two surfaces approximately at right angles to each other in a lap joint, T-joint, or corner joint. |
| gas metal arc welding | An arc welding process that produces coalescence of metals by heating them with an arc between a continuous filler metal electrode and the workpieces. |
| groove | An opening or channel in the surface of a part or between two components which provides space to contain a weld. |
| helmet | A device designed to be worn on the head to protect eyes, face, and neck from arc radiation, radiated heat, spatter, or other harmful matter expelled during arc welding. |
| impact strength | The ability of a metal to withstand a sharp high-velocity blow without fracturing. |
| inert gas | A non-reactive shielding gas. A gas that normally does not combine chemically with the base metal or filler metal. |
| joint | The junction of members or the edges of members which are to be joined or have been joined. |
| MIG welding | A non-standard term for gas metal arc welding. |
| plug weld | A weld made in a circular hole in one member of a joint fusing that member to another member. |
| puddle | A non-standard term for weld pool |
| root bead | A weld that extends into or includes part of all of the joint root. |
| shielded metal arc welding | An arc welding process that produces coalescence of metals by heating them with an arc between a covered metal electrode and the workpieces. |
| slag | The non-metallic layer that forms on top of molten metal. |
| spatter | The metal particles expelled during fusion welding that do not form a part of the weld. |
| stringer bead | A type of weld bead made without appreciable weaving motion. |
| tack weld | A weld made to hold parts of a weldment in proper alignment until the final welds are made. |
| tensile strength | The resistance of a material to a force which is acting to pull it apart. |
| undercut | A groove melted in the base material usually along the toes of a weld that produces a weak spot in the weld and is considered a defect in many cases. |
| voltage | The “force” or “pressure” that pushes current through a conductor. |
| weave bead | A type of weld bead made with transverse oscillation. |
| weldability | The capacity of material to be welded under the imposed fabrication conditions into a specific, suitable designed structure and to perform satisfactorily in the intended service. |
