| A | B |
|---|
| list 5 functions of bone | support&protect body structures,body movements,blood cells formation,storage of inorganic salts,calcium phosphate |
| epiphysis | expanded portion at ends of bone |
| articular cartilage | layer of hyaline cartilage on epiphysis outer surface |
| diaphysis | shaft of the bone-between the epiphysis |
| processes | body projections |
| periosteum | fibrous ct covering of bone-vascular-attached to the bone-ligaments and tendons attached to it-forms and repairs bone tissue |
| compact | wall of the diaphysis-tightly packed tissue |
| spongy bone | branched bony plates-majority of epiphysis |
| medullary | hollow chambers |
| marrow | soft connective tissue |
| epiphyseal disks | band of cartilage in the epiphysis |
| osteon | osteocytes in concentric circles around an ostenic canal-longitudinal cylinders |
| osteonic canal | canal of blood vessels and nerves |
| osteocytes/microscopic structure | bone cells |
| lacunae | cavities found in bone |
| lamellae | layers |
| perforating canals | transverse - connects osteon to osteon |
| osteocyte/bone growth | mature bone cell surrounded by a bone matrix |
| osteoblast | bone forming cells |
| osteoclast | bone cells that breakdown bone |
| intramembranous bones | originate between sheet-like layers of connective tissue-osteoblasts form from connecive ,build a bony matrix around themselves-growth is in all directions compact bone on top of spongy bone-skull |
| endochondral bone | originate as masses of hyaline cartilage |
| canaliculus | very small canal that connects lacunae of bone tissue |
| skeleton system has how many bones | 206 |
| what makes up the skeleton system | axial/appendicular |
| axial skeleton | has 80 bones/skull,vertebrae,hyoid,ribs,sternum |
| appendicular skeleton | has 126 bones-pectonal girdle-pelvic girdle |
| pectional girdle | has scapula,claivical,humurous,ulna radius,carpals,metacarples,phalanges |
| pelvic girdle | coxal,femur,tibia,fibula,tarpals,metatarpals,phalanges,patella |
| osteoporosis | loss of bone material |
| joints | (articulations)junctions between bones |
| how are joints named | classified according to degree of movement or the type of tissue that binds the bones together |
| synovial joint` | articular carilage(hyaline)-free movement |
| structure of synovial joint | joint capsule-ligament&synovial membrane |
| synovial membrane | secretes synovial fluid for lubrication |
| meniscus | fibro cartilage pad between bones-shock absorbers |
| bursae | fluid-filled sacs between bone and skin aid in movements |
| bone repair | fracture occurs-hematoma forms-blood vessels and osteoblasts invade the area |
| hematoma | blood clots |
| bone repair(blood vessels&osteoblast | invade the area to form spongy bone and fibrocartilage in distant regions |
| bone repair (osteoclasts) | reabsorbs bone and fragments |
| bone repair (bony callus) | replaces fibrocartilage |
| bone repair | overproduced bone is reabsorbed by osteoclasts |
| fibrous joints | dense ct-provides no limited movement/ex:skull |
| cartilagious joints | fibrocaartilage/hyaline carilage connect the bones-limited movement/intervertebral disks |
