| A | B |
|---|
| Fourth of July | holiday that celebrates teh day Congress approved of the Declaration of Independence |
| republic | type of government in which the head of state is elected and the people hold the political power |
| ratification | formal approval |
| declare independence from Britain | primary purpose of the Declaration of Independence |
| Articles of Confederation | The United States first plan of government that created a central government with limited powers |
| Constitutional Convention | convention in which delegates discussed revising the Articles of Confederation |
| constitution | set of basic principles and laws that determine the powers and duties of the government |
| Virginia Plan | proposal that favored the larger states by basing all representation on population and a bicameral house |
| 9 | number of states that had to ratify the Constitution for it to go into effect |
| US Constitution | oldest functioning written constitution in the world |
| Three - Fifths Compromise | compromise that 3 out of 5 slaves would be counted towards representation in the lower house |
| closing of the port of Boston, Quartering Act | examples of items found in the List of Grievances section of the Declaration? |
| checks and balances | a system to prevent any branch of government from becoming too powerful |
| Roger Sherman | proposed the ideas for the Great Compromise |
| Bill of Rights | 1st ten amendments to the Constitution |
| Edmund Randolph | proposed the Virginia Plan |
| Philadelphia | where the Constitutional Convention was held |
| James Madison | wrote the Virginia Plan |
| slavery would not be abolished for 20 years to give the South a chance to come up with a plan | compromise made between the southern and northern delegates concerning slavery |
| census every 10 years | how the delegates decided to count the U.S. population |
| the south would gain more representatives in Congress | reason the North did not want slaves counted |
| William Patterson | proposed the New Jersey Plan |
| 3/5, Great Compromise, slavery would not be banned for 20 years | 3 compromises that were agreed upon at the Constitutional Convention |
| amend the Articles of Confederation | original task of the delegates who attended the convention |
| The national government would be run by Congress | how the Articles of Confederation prevented the national govt. from becoming too powerful |
| Thomas Jefferson | primary author of the Declaration of Independence |
| they would have more representatives | reason the south wanted the slaves counted in their population count |
| New Jersey Plan | proposal to create a unicameral or one-house government where each state had one vote |
| Great Compromise | agreement worked out at the Constitutional Convention establishing that a state's population would determine representation in the lower house of the legislature, while each state would have equal representation in the upper house of the legislature |
| Northwest Ordinance | determined how the western territory would be governed. |
| They wanted to make it more forceful and have the whole country come together. | reason the Declaration of Indpendence was written to be read out loud |
| George Washington | President of the Constitutional Convention whose presence was necessary in order to ensure the convention's success |
| southern states would not have signed it | reason the section on slavery was removed from the Declaration of Indpendence was removed before the final copy was approved |
| They believed that the Constitution provided a good balance of power and reflected a compromise between different political opinions. | reason Federalists thought the Constitution didn't need a Bill of Rights |
| Representation was based on population | reason the smaller states objected to the Virginia Plan |
| state | type of government that held most of the power under the Articles of Confederation |
| amend the Articles of Confederation | purpose of the Constitutional Convention |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | Which delegate arrived at the convention with the intention of abolishing the Articles of Confederation and forming divided the Western lands into townships |
| executive, judicial, legislative | 3 branches established under the Great Compromise |
| no power to tax, no executive branch, no federal courts, couldn't require military service | weaknesses under the Articles of Confederation |
| taxation | reason the North wanted the slaves counted in the U.S. census |
