| A | B |
|---|
| A rod shaped structure that forms when a single dna molecule and its associated proteins coil tightly before cell division | Chromosome |
| number of chromosomes found in the human body cells | 46 |
| The condition in which a diploid cell is missing a chromosome | monosome |
| the sex of the human offspring is determined by the | male |
| bacteria reproduce through this a-sexual process | binary fission |
| The repeating sequence of growth and division through which many eukaryotic cells pass | the cell cycle |
| In human sexual reproduction, a male haploid gamete and a female haploid gamete unite to form this | zygote with 46 chromosomes |
| with one exception, meiosis II is identical to this | mitosis |
| the process of meiosis produces | four haploid cells |
| the two copies of chromosomes that are attached to each other | chromatids |
| protein disk to which 2 chromatids are attached | centromere |
| chromosomes that are similar in shape and size and have similar genetic info | homologous chromosomes |
| cell that contains two homologues of each chromosome | diploid |
| egg cells and sperm cells | gametes |
| cell that contains one homologue of each chromosome | haploid |
| diploid cell that results from the fusion of two haploid gametes | zygote |
| condition in which diploid cell has an extra chromosome | trisome |
| the collection of chromosomes found in an individuals cells | karyotype |
| procedure for taking cells for analysis form the fluid in the sac that surrounds the fetus | amniocentesis |
| procedure for taking cells for analysis from the placenta of the mothers uterus | chorionic villi sampling |
| changes in an organisms genetic material | mutation |
| mutation in which a chromosome fragment attaches to its homologous chromosome, resulting in two copies of some genes | duplication |
| mutation that occurs when a chromosome fragment breaks off or is lost | deletion |
| mutation in which a chromosome fragment reattaches to the original chromosome in the reverse orientation | inversion |
| mutation in which a chromosome fragment joins a non-homologous chromosome | translocation |
| a segment of dna that transmits information from parent to offspring | gene |
| An individual with an extra copy of chromosome 21 has this mutation | down syndrome |
| the 22 pairs of chromosomes in human somatic cells that are the same in males and females | autosomes |
| the human chromosomes that determine an individuals sex | sex chromosomes |
| protein fibers that help move the chromosomes apart during mitosis | spindle fibers |
| "genetic recombination" occurs when this occurs in chromosomes | crossing over |
| in chromosome seperation, one new cell recieves both chromosomes | nondisjunction |
| protein disk that binds chromatids | centromere |
