| A | B |
|---|
| Real Numbers | Integers and the fractions between |
| Natural Numbers | {1,2,3,4...} |
| Whole Numbers | Natural Numbers and 0 |
| Integers | Whole Numbers and their additive inverses |
| Additive Inverse | The opposite of a number |
| Multiplicative Inverse | The reciprocal of a number |
| Absolute Value | the distance from zero on the number line |
| Coefficient | a number multiplied by a variable |
| Variable | a symbol that stands for an unknown number |
| Power | an expression written with a base and an exponent |
| Base | a number multiplied by itself to give a product |
| Perfect Square | a number whose square root is an integer |
| Exponent | a superscript that tells how many times to multiply a base by itself |
| Conditional Statement | a true statement that can be expressed as if...then... |
| Converse | a reversal of the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement |
| Hypothesis | the "if" part of a conditional statement |
| Conclusion | the "then" part of a conditional statement |
| Terminating Decimal | a number that ends in zero forever |
| Repeating Decimal | a number that has a repeating pattern of number(s) to the right of the decimal point |
| Cube Root | a number that is multiplied by itself 3 times to give a product |
| Radical Sign | symbol that represents the principal square root of a number |
| Counterexample | one example that can prove a statement false |
| Replacement Set | a set of numbers that can be substituted for a variable |
| Closure | a property in which the result of an operation on any two numbers in a set is also in the set |
| Principal square root | the positive square root of a number |
| Rational Number | number that is a terminating or repeating decimal |
| Irrational Number | a decimal number that neither terminates nor repeats |
| Prime Number | a number with exactly two factors |
| Composite Number | a number with more than two factors |
| Positive Number | a number found to the right of zero on the number line |
| Negative Number | a number found to the left of zero on the number line |
| Commutative Property of Addition | a + b = b + a |
| Commutative Property of Multiplication | ab = ba |
| Associative Property of Addition | a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c |
| Associative Property of Multiplication | a(bc) = (ab)c |
| Distributive Property | a(b + c) = ab + ac |
| Identity Property of Addition | a + 0 = a |
| Identity Property of Multiplication | a*1 = a |
| Eratosthenes | Greek mathematician who created a "sieve" for Prime Numbers |
| Order of Operations | Parentheses; exponents; multiply or divide from left to right; add or subtract from left to right |
| Cross Products | In a proportion, the product of the mean and the product of the extremes |
| Equation | Math statement that shows two expressions are equivalent |
| Formula | A literal equation that states a rule for a relationship among quantities |
| Identity | An equation that is true for all values of the variable |
| Percent | for each 100 |
| Proportion | A equation that states that two ratios are equivalent |
| Ratio | A comparison of two numbers by division |
| Unit Rate | A rate in which the second quantity in the comparison is one unit |
| Inequality | A statement using the signs greater than (or equal to) or less than (or equal to) |
| Compound Inequality | Two inequalities combined with the word AND or the word OR |
| Intersection (of sets) | All elements common to both (or all) sets. |
| Union (of sets) | All elements belonging to either (or all) sets |
| Domain | The set of input values of a function or a relation |
| Range | The set of output values of a function or a relation |
| Relation | A set of ordered pairs |
| Function | A relation in which each element in the domain is paired with exactly one element in the range |
| Function notation | f(x) = rule; gives the function rule for finding the dependent variable (y) given the independent variable (x) |
| Ordered pair | (x,y) |
| Dependent variable | The output of a function rule (the range element or y) |
| Independent variable | the input of a function rule (the domain element or x) |
| Continuous Graph | a graph made up of connected lines or curves |
| Discrete Graph | a graph made up of unconnected points |
| y-axis | the vertical axis |
| x-axis | the horizontal axis |
| Inductive Reasoning | the process of reasoning that a rule or statement is true because specific cases are true |
| Conjecture | a statement your believe to be true based on inductive reasoning |
| Correlation | a measure of the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables or data sets |
| No Correlation | no relationship between the sets of values |
| Positive Correlation | both sets of data values increase |
| Negative Correlation | one set of data values increases as the other decreases |
| Arithmetic Sequence | a sequence whose successive terms differ by the same nonzero number |
| Common Difference | the number added to each successive term of an arithmetic sequence |
| Term (of a sequence) | an element of a sequence |
| Trend Line | a line on a scatter plot that helps show the correlation between data sets more clearly |
| Consistent | a system of linear equations wth at least one solution |
| Independent | a consistent system of linear eq with exactly one solution |
| Dependent | a system of linear eq with infinitely many solutions |
| Inconsistent | a system of linear equations ith no solution |
| Parallel lines | lines with the same slope that never intersect |
| Perpendicular lines | lines that meet at right angles; slopes are opposite reciprocals |
| Open Half Plan | Area of the coordinate plan separated by a solid or dotted line |
| Binomial | A polynomial with two terms |
| Trinomial | A polynomial with three terms |
| Leading Coefficient | The coefficient of the highest degree term in a polynomial |
| Scientific Notation | A method using powers of 10 for writing very large or small numbers |
| Monomial | A number, a variable or a product of a number and variable(s) |
| Linear term | A one-variable term with a first degree variable |
| Quadratic term | A one-variable term with a second degree variable |
| Constant | A number (times a variable to the zero-power) |
| Standard Form of a Polynomial | A polynomial arranged in descending degree order |
| Difference of Squares | the product of (a+b)(a-b) |
| Perfect Square Trinomial | the product of the square of (a+b) or the square of (a-b) |
| Linear Polynomial | First degree polynomial |
| Quadratic Polynomial | Second degree polynomial |
| Cubic Polynomial | third degree polynomial |
