| A | B |
|---|
| protein | a macromolecule that is composed of amino acids bonded |
| DNA | a nucleic acids that contains deoxyribose and the genes involved in heredity |
| RNA | a nucleic acids that contains ribose and assists the DNA |
| nucleotide | the monomer of nucleic acids composed of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base |
| lipid | a macromolecule usually made up of fatty acids and glycerol; includes fats, oils, and waxes |
| polysacheride | a large macromolecule composed of many simple sugars bonded together |
| nucleic acid | a macromolecule containing C, H, O, N, and P; DNA, RNA and ATP are examples |
| monosaccharide | a simple sugar molecule; glulcose and fructose are examples |
| carbohydrate | a compound made of C, H, and O; sugars, starches, glycogen, and cellulose are examples |
| polymer | a large compound formed from the bonding of many monomers |
| monomer | a small chemical unit that can join together with other small units to form a polymer |
| buffer | a weak acid or base that can react with strong acids and bases to help prevent sharp, sudden changes in Ph |
| fatty acids | one of the subunits of a lipid; can be saturated or unsaturated |
| substrate | the reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction |
| enzyme | a protein that acts as a biological catalyst |
| catalyst | a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction; can be organic or inorganic |
| activation energy | the energy needed to get a reaction started |
| product | an element or compound produced by a chemical reaction |
| reactant | an element or compound that eners in to a chemical reaction |
| chemical reaction | a process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals |
| amino acid | the monomer of proteins |
| base | a compound with a pH over 7 that produces OH- ions |
| acid | a compound with a pH under 7 that produces "H" positive ions |
| pH scale | a measurement system that indicates the concentration of H+ and OH- ions |
| suspension | a mixture of water and nondissolvd materials |
| solvent | a substance in which a solute is dissolved to make a solution |
| solute | a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution |
| solution | a mixture of two or more substances where the substances are evenly distributed |
| mixture | a material where two or more elements or compounds are physically mixed but not chemically combined |
| adhesion | an attraction between molecules of different substances |
| cohesion | an attraction betweeen molecules of the same substance |
| van der Waal's forces | a slight attraction that develops between oppositely charged reasons of nearby molecules |
| molecule | the smallest unit of most compounds that still retains the characteristics of the compound |
| covalent bond | bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms |
| ion | an atom that has a positve or negative charge |
| ionic bond | bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
| compound | a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions |
| isotopes | an atom of an element that has a different number of neutrons than other atoms of that element |
| element | substance consisting entirely of one type of atom |
| electron | a negatively charged particle; located outside the atomic nucleus |
| nucleus of an atom | the center of an atom; contains the protons and neutrons |
| atom | the smallest part of an element that has the characteristics of that element |
