| A | B |
|---|
| Heat | -transfer of NRG from a hot substance to a cold substance |
| Temperature | -average NRG of particles in a substance |
| Thermal energy | -total NRG of ALL particles in a substance |
| Conduction (of heat) | -transfer of NRG through a material via direct collisions of the particles (best in a solid ex. --> a metal) |
| Heat conductor | -material which allows heat to transfer through it readily |
| Thermal conductivity | -the ability of a substance to conduct heat |
| Convection | -process of transferring heat via the circulating motion of a fluid |
| Radiation | -flow of energy in the form of invisible waves; the fastest method of heat transfer |
| Hydroelectricity | -the electricity generated from the force of moving water |
| Heat waves(heat rays) | -also called infared radiation;they are a form of radiant energy |
| Infared radiation | -the radiant energy that reaches Earth from the sun |
| Thermal | -rising convection currents in the atmosphere |
| Heat insulator(insulation) | -a material that is used to reduce the amount of heat transfer |
| RSI value | -the resistance to heat transfer of a material of a specific thickness |
| Greenhouse effect | -The warming of the temperature of the air because of the trapping of radiant heat |
| Specific heat capacity | -is the amount of heat transferred when the temperature of 1.0kg of the substance changes by 1 degree celcius.(This change in temperature can either be an increase or a decrease.) |
| Law of conservation of NRG | (1st law of Thermodynamics):energy cannot be created nor destroyed |
| Principle of heat transfer | -in a perfectly insulated system(closed system), when two substances at differnt temperature are mixed, the heat released by the hotter substance equals the heat gained by the colder substance. |
| Geothermal Energy | -thermal energy remaining deep inside earth |
| Heating systems | -method of providing and controlling thermal energy in indoor enviroments |
| Active Solar Heating | -solar heating which utilizes a solar collector on the roof AND requires an addtional energy source to power a pump |
| Local heating system | -method of providing thermal energy for one small area |
| Forced air heating | -type of central eating system in which air, heated by burning fuel in a furnace, travels through ducts to registers in different rooms |
| refrigerant | -liquid that evaporates at a very low temperature, used in refrigerators |
| R-value | -number that indicates ability of an insulating matirial to stop or limit transfer of heat energy |
| Passive solar heating | -a method of solar heating which employs large south facing windows, landscaping with deciduous trees, and interior design involving dark floors and/or specially designed flooring and walls |
| solar array | -arrangement of solar cells in panels that are connected |
| Thermostat | -device to control temperature: it automatically switches a heating or cooling system on or off according to the temperature setting |
| central heating systems | -method of transferring thermal from a single, central source through a network of pipes, ducts and vents |
| Hot water heating | -type of central heating system in which water, heated by burning fuel in a furnace, is pumpedthrough a network of pipes leading to radiators |
| thermal conductivity | -ability of a material to transfer heat by conduction |
| cogeneration | technology of producing two or more forms of energy from a single energy generator |
| freezing point | -temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid state to a solid state |
| boiling point | -tempurature at which a substance changes from a liquid state to a gas state |
| Volume | amount of space occupied by matter, mililiters and litres are common nits of volume |
| sustainable | can be maintained or continued: capable of being used indefinently, often refering to the use of resources |
| condensation | -change of state from gas to liquid by removing heat energy |
| kinetic energy | energy of movement: particles that make up matter have kinetic energy |
| expands | increase in volume, matter expands when heat energy is added |
| radiant energy | energy transferred from a heat source by waves |
| thermal expansion | exspansion of a substance caused by an increase in thermal energy |
| contracts | decrease in volume: matter contracts when heat is removed |
| particle model of matter | model that explains the behaviour of solids, liquids, and gases; it states that all matter is made up of tiny moving particles that attract each other and have spaces between them |
