| A | B |
|---|
| indigenous | originating in a certain place |
| missionary | a person who tries to convert others to his or her religion |
| indentured servant | a person who, in exchange for benefits received, must work for a period of years to gain freedom. |
| plantation | a large, one-crop farm with many workers, common in the Southern United States before the Civil War |
| boycott | a refusal to buy or use goods and services |
| Revolutionary War | the war in which the American colonies won their independence from Britain, fought from 1775-1781 |
| Louisiana Purchase | the sale of land in 1803 by France to the United States; all the land between the Mississippi River and the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains |
| Manifest Destiny | a belief that the United States had a right to own and rule all the land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
| immigrant | a person who moves to a new country in order to settle there |
| Industrial Revolution | the change from making goods by hand to making them by machine; the Industrial Revolution began in England in the 1700s and later spread to the United States and Europe |
| abolitionist | a person who believed that enslaving people was wrong and who wanted to end the practice |
| Civil War | the war between the northern and southern states in the United States, which began in 1861 and ended in 1865 |
| Reconstuction | United States plan for rebuilding the nation after the Civil War, included a period when the South was governed by the United States Army |
| segregate | to set apart and force to use separate schools, housing, parks and so on because of race or religion |
| labor force | the supply of workers |
| settlement house | a community center for poor immigrants to the United States, for example, Jane Addams's Hull House in Chicago |
| Homestead Act | a law passed in 1862 giving 160 acres of land on the Midwestern plains to any adult willing to live on and farm it for five years |
| communism | a system of government in which the government controls the means of industrial production, determining what goods are to be made, how much workers will be paid, and how much items will cost |
| Cold War | a period of great tension between the United States and the former Soviet Union, which lasted for more than 40 years after World War II |
| civil rights movement | a large group of people who worked together in the United States beginning in the 1960s to end the segregation of African Americans and support equal rights for all minorities |
| dominion | a self-governing area subject to Great Britain, for example, Canada prior to 1939 |
| bilingual | speaking two languages; having two official languages |
| fossil fuel | a fuel formed over millions of years from animal and plant remains, includes coal, petroleum, and natural gas |
| acid rain | a rain containing acid that is harmful to plants and trees, formed when pollutants from cars and factories combine with moisture in the air |
| clear-cutting | a type of logging in which all the trees in an area are cut down |
| interdependent | dependent upon each other |
| tariff | a fee charged on imported goods |
| free trade | trade with no tariffs, or taxes on imported goods |
| NAFTA | North American Free Trade Agreement, signed in 1994 by Canada, the United States and Mexico to establish mutual free trade |
