| A | B |
|---|
| heredity | the passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| cross | the mating or breeding of two individuals |
| monohybrid cross | a cross that involves one pair of contrasting traits |
| pure breeding | all offspring will display only one form of a particular trait |
| P generation | the first two individuals that are crossed in a breeding experiment |
| F1 generation | offspring from the P generation |
| F2 generation | offspring from teh F1 generation |
| allele | alternative forms of the same trait |
| genetics | study of heredity |
| dominant | the expressed form of a trait, what can be seen |
| recessive | the trait that is not expressed when the dominant form is present |
| homozygous | two alleles of a particular gene are the same |
| heterozygous | two alleles of a particular gene are different |
| genotype | the set of alleles that an individual has |
| phenotype | the physical appearance of a trait |
| law of segregation | two alleles for a trai segregate independently when gametes are formed |
| law of independent assortment | alleles of different genes separate independently of one another during gamete formation |
| test cross | a cross in which an individual whose phenotype is dominant with an unknown genotype is crossed with an homozygous recessive |
| probability | the likelihood that a specific event will occur |
| pedigree | a family history that show how a trait if inherited over generations |
| carrier | people are heterozygous for an inherited disorder, but do not show it |
| sex-linked | a trait whose allele is located on the X chromosome, seen mostly in males |
| polygenetic traits | several genes influence a trait |
| incomplete dominance | when offspring shows as an intermediate between parents |
| co-dominance | two dominant alleles are expressed at the same time, both form of the trait are displayed |
| multiple alleles | traits that have three or more alleles |
